流感a- a病毒和冠状病毒糖蛋白裂解在宿主适应中的作用

IF 5.7 2区 医学 Q1 VIROLOGY
Miriam R Heindl, Eva Böttcher-Friebertshäuser
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引用次数: 0

摘要

虽然受体结合被公认为影响-a病毒(IAV)和冠状病毒(CoV)宿主适应的一个因素,但迄今为止,病毒糖蛋白切割的作用尚未得到详细研究。有趣的是,最近的研究表明,宿主物种可用于切割的蛋白酶库可能不同。此外,对于某些蝙蝠衍生的冠状病毒,蛋白水解激活提供了感染人类细胞的关键屏障。了解糖蛋白切割在不同物种中的作用,以及IAV和CoV如何适应新的蛋白酶库,可能有助于评估这些病毒带来的人畜共患潜力和风险。在这里,我们总结了目前关于不同宿主物种中IAV和CoV糖蛋白中出现多碱基切割位点(CS)的知识。此外,我们还讨论了跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶2(TMPRSS2)在病毒激活和进入中的作用,以及neuropilin-1在不同宿主中获得多基CS中的作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The role of influenza-A virus and coronavirus viral glycoprotein cleavage in host adaptation

The role of influenza-A virus and coronavirus viral glycoprotein cleavage in host adaptation

The role of influenza-A virus and coronavirus viral glycoprotein cleavage in host adaptation

While receptor binding is well recognized as a factor in influenza-A virus (IAV) and coronavirus (CoV) host adaptation, the role of viral glycoprotein cleavage has not been studied in detail so far. Interestingly, recent studies suggest that host species may differ in their protease repertoire available for cleavage. Furthermore, it was shown for certain bat-derived CoVs that proteolytic activation provides a critical barrier to infect human cells. Understanding the role of glycoprotein cleavage in different species and how IAV and CoVs adapt to a new protease repertoire may allow evaluating the zoonotic potential and risk posed by these viruses. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the emergence of a multibasic cleavage site (CS) in the glycoproteins of IAVs and CoVs in different host species. Additionally, we discuss the role of transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) in virus activation and entry and a role of neuropilin-1 in acquisition of a multibasic CS in different hosts.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.80
自引率
5.10%
发文量
76
审稿时长
83 days
期刊介绍: Current Opinion in Virology (COVIRO) is a systematic review journal that aims to provide specialists with a unique and educational platform to keep up to date with the expanding volume of information published in the field of virology. It publishes 6 issues per year covering the following 11 sections, each of which is reviewed once a year: Emerging viruses: interspecies transmission; Viral immunology; Viral pathogenesis; Preventive and therapeutic vaccines; Antiviral strategies; Virus structure and expression; Animal models for viral diseases; Engineering for viral resistance; Viruses and cancer; Virus vector interactions. There is also a section that changes every year to reflect hot topics in the field.
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