Suéllen Pedrosa da Silva, Clarice Barbosa Lucena da Costa, Anderson Felipe Soares de Freitas, José Dayvid Ferreira da Silva, Wêndeo Kennedy Costa, Wênio Sandoval Filho Lima da Silva, Janaina Carla Barbosa Machado, Sandra Maria Souza da Silva, Magda Rhayanny Assunção Ferreira, Luiz Alberto Lira Soares, Jacinto da Costa Silva Neto, Márcia Vanusa da Silva, Alisson Macário de Oliveira, Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva, Thiago Henrique Napoleão
{"title":"马齿苋叶片生理盐水提取物具有光保护和抗氧化活性，对小鼠无急性口服和皮肤毒性。","authors":"Suéllen Pedrosa da Silva, Clarice Barbosa Lucena da Costa, Anderson Felipe Soares de Freitas, José Dayvid Ferreira da Silva, Wêndeo Kennedy Costa, Wênio Sandoval Filho Lima da Silva, Janaina Carla Barbosa Machado, Sandra Maria Souza da Silva, Magda Rhayanny Assunção Ferreira, Luiz Alberto Lira Soares, Jacinto da Costa Silva Neto, Márcia Vanusa da Silva, Alisson Macário de Oliveira, Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva, Thiago Henrique Napoleão","doi":"10.1007/s43188-022-00160-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to evaluate saline extracts from the leaves (LE) and stem (SE) of <i>Portulaca elatior</i> in relation to their phytochemical composition and photoprotective and antioxidant effects, as well as to evaluate the toxicity of the leaf extract. The extracts were characterized for protein concentration and phenol and flavonoid contents, as well as for thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiles. Total antioxidant capacity and DPPH and ABTS<sup>+</sup> scavenging activities were determined. In the photoprotective activity assay, the sun protection factor (SPF) was calculated. The toxicity evaluation of LE included in vitro hemolytic assay and in vivo oral and dermal acute toxicity assays in Swiss mice. LE showed the highest protein, phenol, and flavonoid (8.79 mg/mL, 323.46 mg GAE/g, and 101.96 QE/g, respectively). TLC revealed the presence of flavonoids, reducing sugars, terpenes, and steroids in both extracts. In HPLC profiles, LE contained flavonoids, while SE contained flavonoids and ellagic tannins. The antioxidant activity assays showed the lowest IC<sub>50</sub> values (34.15-413.3 µg/mL) for LE, which presented relevant SPF (> 6) at 50 and 100 µg/mL. LE demonstrated low hemolytic capacity, and no signs of intoxication were observed in mice treated orally or topically at 1000 mg/kg. However, at 2000 mg/kg, an increase in the mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes and a reduction in lymphocytes were observed; animals treated topically with 2000 mg/kg displayed scratching behavior during the first hour of observation and showed edema and erythema that regressed after six days. In conclusion, LE did not present acute oral or dermal toxicity in Swiss mice at a dose of 1000 mg/kg and showed slight toxicity in animals treated with 2000 mg/kg.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43188-022-00160-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":23181,"journal":{"name":"Toxicological Research","volume":"39 2","pages":"179-190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10050472/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Saline extract of <i>Portulaca elatior</i> leaves with photoprotective and antioxidant activities does not show acute oral and dermal toxicity in mice.\",\"authors\":\"Suéllen Pedrosa da Silva, Clarice Barbosa Lucena da Costa, Anderson Felipe Soares de Freitas, José Dayvid Ferreira da Silva, Wêndeo Kennedy Costa, Wênio Sandoval Filho Lima da Silva, Janaina Carla Barbosa Machado, Sandra Maria Souza da Silva, Magda Rhayanny Assunção Ferreira, Luiz Alberto Lira Soares, Jacinto da Costa Silva Neto, Márcia Vanusa da Silva, Alisson Macário de Oliveira, Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva, Thiago Henrique Napoleão\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s43188-022-00160-2\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>The present study aimed to evaluate saline extracts from the leaves (LE) and stem (SE) of <i>Portulaca elatior</i> in relation to their phytochemical composition and photoprotective and antioxidant effects, as well as to evaluate the toxicity of the leaf extract. The extracts were characterized for protein concentration and phenol and flavonoid contents, as well as for thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiles. Total antioxidant capacity and DPPH and ABTS<sup>+</sup> scavenging activities were determined. In the photoprotective activity assay, the sun protection factor (SPF) was calculated. The toxicity evaluation of LE included in vitro hemolytic assay and in vivo oral and dermal acute toxicity assays in Swiss mice. LE showed the highest protein, phenol, and flavonoid (8.79 mg/mL, 323.46 mg GAE/g, and 101.96 QE/g, respectively). TLC revealed the presence of flavonoids, reducing sugars, terpenes, and steroids in both extracts. In HPLC profiles, LE contained flavonoids, while SE contained flavonoids and ellagic tannins. The antioxidant activity assays showed the lowest IC<sub>50</sub> values (34.15-413.3 µg/mL) for LE, which presented relevant SPF (> 6) at 50 and 100 µg/mL. LE demonstrated low hemolytic capacity, and no signs of intoxication were observed in mice treated orally or topically at 1000 mg/kg. However, at 2000 mg/kg, an increase in the mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes and a reduction in lymphocytes were observed; animals treated topically with 2000 mg/kg displayed scratching behavior during the first hour of observation and showed edema and erythema that regressed after six days. 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Saline extract of Portulaca elatior leaves with photoprotective and antioxidant activities does not show acute oral and dermal toxicity in mice.
The present study aimed to evaluate saline extracts from the leaves (LE) and stem (SE) of Portulaca elatior in relation to their phytochemical composition and photoprotective and antioxidant effects, as well as to evaluate the toxicity of the leaf extract. The extracts were characterized for protein concentration and phenol and flavonoid contents, as well as for thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiles. Total antioxidant capacity and DPPH and ABTS+ scavenging activities were determined. In the photoprotective activity assay, the sun protection factor (SPF) was calculated. The toxicity evaluation of LE included in vitro hemolytic assay and in vivo oral and dermal acute toxicity assays in Swiss mice. LE showed the highest protein, phenol, and flavonoid (8.79 mg/mL, 323.46 mg GAE/g, and 101.96 QE/g, respectively). TLC revealed the presence of flavonoids, reducing sugars, terpenes, and steroids in both extracts. In HPLC profiles, LE contained flavonoids, while SE contained flavonoids and ellagic tannins. The antioxidant activity assays showed the lowest IC50 values (34.15-413.3 µg/mL) for LE, which presented relevant SPF (> 6) at 50 and 100 µg/mL. LE demonstrated low hemolytic capacity, and no signs of intoxication were observed in mice treated orally or topically at 1000 mg/kg. However, at 2000 mg/kg, an increase in the mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes and a reduction in lymphocytes were observed; animals treated topically with 2000 mg/kg displayed scratching behavior during the first hour of observation and showed edema and erythema that regressed after six days. In conclusion, LE did not present acute oral or dermal toxicity in Swiss mice at a dose of 1000 mg/kg and showed slight toxicity in animals treated with 2000 mg/kg.
Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43188-022-00160-2.
期刊介绍：
Toxicological Research is the official journal of the Korean Society of Toxicology. The journal covers all areas of Toxicological Research of chemicals, drugs and environmental agents affecting human and animals, which in turn impact public health. The journal’s mission is to disseminate scientific and technical information on diverse areas of toxicological research. Contributions by toxicologists, molecular biologists, geneticists, biochemists, pharmacologists, clinical researchers and epidemiologists with a global view on public health through toxicological research are welcome. Emphasis will be given to articles providing an understanding of the toxicological mechanisms affecting animal, human and public health. In the case of research articles using natural extracts, detailed information with respect to the origin, extraction method, chemical profiles, and characterization of standard compounds to ensure the reproducible pharmacological activity should be provided.
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