Peripheral reactions and elastic scattering induced by strongly bound, weakly bound and exotic nuclei

A phenomenological study of peripheral reactions induced by strongly bound, weakly bound and exotic projectiles on different targets is presented. A large number of experimental elastic scattering differential cross sections at energies close to the Coulomb barrier is studied on the basis of a simple nuclear optical model potential that depends on a small number of parameters. The derived wave functions, together with the imaginary component of the optical potential, allow the analysis of the radial peripheral absorption density distributions for the different kind of projectiles. These distributions, when appropriately normalized, show a clear correlation with the type of projectile regardless of the involved target and indicate that projectiles more prone to break up show a more peripheral absorption density distribution. This manifests in their magnitude, location and width. The relationship of these variables in the strongly bound group and the weakly bound group are described with a simple exponential function, while the exotic projectiles show two distinct groups, namely the neutron-halo and the proton-halo. For the neutron-halo projectiles such as ${}^6\text{He}$, ${}^{11}\text{Li}$ and ${}^{11}\text{Be}$ there is a notable increment of the radial peripheral absorption density peak and the total reaction cross section as the breakup separation energy decreases. The same relationship is established for the proton-halo projectiles ${}^8\text{B}$ and ${}^{17}\text{F}$ but their reduced effective dipole charge leads to a lower probability of dipole Coulomb breakup that results in a substantial reduction in the extent of their peripheral absorption.