楝树和苦楝果实提取物对害虫/拟寄生虫(油菜花)相互作用的影响

M. M. Matter, M. A. Gesraha, A. A. I. Ahmed, N. A. Farag
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引用次数: 7

摘要

采用一种新的方法,模拟了不同顺序的植物处理和拟寄生物叶氏小孢子虫对菜青虫幼虫的暴露。结果表明:寄主幼虫在寄生前和寄生后分别经1%印楝和1%拟寄主处理,蛹形成率和成虫羽化率均显著或不显著降低。两种处理均显著延长了未寄生和寄生幼虫的发育时间(平均延迟4 ~ 5 d),而苦楝提取物仅显著延长了寄生幼虫的发育时间(平均延迟2.7 d)。发现未处理的寄主的寄生命运比处理了neem的寄主快。1和0.5%的neem处理的3龄幼虫在被寄生前7天的寄生率分别是未处理的3倍和2倍。由此得出结论,由于印楝处理延长了寄主的首选目标龄期,增加了寄主的寄生机会。然而,在LC50水平的处理中,印楝树显示出大量的寄生蜂后代。然而,较低浓度(LC25)可以合理地增强寄生蜂的寄生能力,而不会严重影响寄生蜂的羽化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Impact of neem and chinaberry fruit extracts on the pest/parasitoid (Pieris rapae/Hyposoter ebeninus) interactions

A new technique was performed to simulate exposure of the host Pieris rapae larvae to both botanical treatment and the parasitoid Hyposoter eheninus in different sequences. It was found that: host larvae subjected to both parasitoid and 1 % neem treatment showed significant or insignificant reductions both in pupal formation as well as adult emergence percentages when treatment preceded or followed parasitism, respectively. Both neem treatments revealed significant prolongation in the development of unparasitized and parasitized larvae (on average 4 to 5 days delay), whereas chinaberry caused significant prolongation only among parasitized larvae (on average 2.7 days delay in egg-larval duration). Fate of parasitism among untreated hosts was found to be faster than among neem-treated ones. Parasitism percentages among 1 and 0.5 % neem-treated third instar host larvae held 7 days before parasitism reached 3 and 2 times that achieved among those reared on untreated diet for the same period, ­respectively.It was concluded that prolongation of the preferred target instars of the host, due to neem treatments, increased the chance for parasitism. Nevertheless, treatment with neem at the LC50 level exhibited a great reduction in parasitoid progeny. However, a lower concentration (LC25) could reasonably potentiate parasitism without drastic losses in parasitoid emergence.

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