Medical Malpractice Litigations Involving Infant Craniosynostosis and Deformational Plagiocephaly in the United States.

Objective: To identify characteristics of malpractice litigations involving skull deformity in infants (craniosynostosis and deformational plagiocephaly).

Design: Retrospective review of all lawsuits with jury verdicts or settlements involving infant skull deformity as the primary diagnosis using the Westlaw Legal Database.

Setting: United States.

Patients, participants: Plaintiffs with skull deformity as the primary diagnosis.

Main outcome measures: Litigation outcome and indemnity payment amount.

Results: From 1990 to 2019, 9 cases involving infant skull deformity met our inclusion/exclusion criteria. Among these cases, 8 (88.9%) cases resulted in indemnity payments to plaintiffs, totaling $30,430,000. Failure to diagnose (n = 4, 44.4%) and surgical negligence (n = 3, 33.3%) were the most common reasons for litigations.

Conclusions: There were a small number of malpractice lawsuits involving infant skull deformity over three decades. When cases go to court, physicians and hospitals have a high likelihood of judgment against them, frequently resulting in high indemnity payments.