[生物活性化合物花青素作为机体在剧烈运动后的适应性潜力的营养恢复因子的实验:免疫和血液适应指标的评估]。

Q2 Medicine
E N Trushina, O K Mustafina, I V Aksenov, A G Krasutsky, D B Nikityuk, V A Tutelyan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

恢复运动员的适应潜力不仅对运动员的训练和竞技活动的实施至关重要,而且对保持运动员的健康也至关重要。在复杂的运动恢复计划中,一个主要的地方是给予全面的最佳营养,它不仅提供满足身体对能量、宏量和微量营养素的需求,而且还提供少量生物活性化合物的需求。使用含有花青素的产品是一种很有前途的策略,用于代谢和免疫紊乱的正常化,这些紊乱是由于强烈的身体和神经情绪压力而产生的,不仅在运动员中,而且在暴露于这些因素的其他群体中,包括在接近战斗的条件下进行训练的军事人员。这决定了本研究的相关性。本研究的目的是研究富含花青素的饮食对大鼠剧烈运动后血液学特征和细胞免疫的影响。材料和方法。实验选用4组初始体重为~300 g的雄性Wistar大鼠,为期4周。第一组(对照组)和第二组动物的运动活动受到标准饲养动物的限制,而第三组和第四组的身体活动大鼠在跑步机上进行额外的身体活动训练。在实验结束前,第三组和第四组动物在跑步机上进行体力活动(直到大鼠拒绝继续运动)。4组大鼠均饲喂标准半合成日粮,随意饮水。第2组和第4组在饲粮中添加蓝莓和黑加仑提取物(30%花青素),每日剂量为花青素15 mg /kg体重。血液学参数采用Coulter ACT TM 5 diff OV血液学分析仪测定。采用APC、FITC、PE等单克隆抗体结合荧光染料对全血细胞进行直接免疫荧光染色,检测大鼠外周血淋巴细胞上CD45R、CD3、CD4、CD8a、CD161受体的表达。在FC-500流式细胞仪上进行测量。结果。与对照组相比,第三组大鼠剧烈运动后红细胞参数没有明显变化。饲粮中添加蓝莓和黑加仑提取物(第2组和第4组)可显著提高(p)。在大鼠的饮食中添加蓝莓和黑加仑提取物,每公斤体重中含有15毫克的花青素,可以增加血液中Hb含量、红细胞压积和红细胞中Hb的平均含量。已经证实,剧烈的体育活动可引起细胞免疫抑制。揭示了花青素对适应性细胞免疫和天然免疫淋巴细胞NK细胞的激活作用。获得的数据表明使用生物活性化合物(花青素)增加生物体的适应潜力的有效性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Bioactive compounds anthocyanins as a factor in the nutritional recovery of the body's adaptive potential after intense physical activity in the experiment: assessment of immunological and hematological indicators of adaptation].

Restoring the adaptive potential of an athlete is of paramount importance not only for the implementation of his training and competitive activities, but also for maintaining health. One of the leading place in complex recovery programs in sports is given to full-fledged optimal nutrition, which provides for meeting the body's requirements not only in energy, macro- and micronutrients, but also in minor bioactive compounds. The use of anthocyanin-containing products is a promising strategy for the normalization of metabolic and immune disorders that develop as a result of intense physical and neuro-emotional stress not only in athletes, but also in other groups of people exposed to these factors, including military personnel undergoing training in conditions close to combat. This determines the relevance of this study. The aim of the research was to study the effect of an anthocyanin-enriched diet on hematological profile and cellular immunity in rats after intense physical activity. Material and methods. The experiment was carried out for 4 weeks on 4 groups of male Wistar rats with an initial body weight of ~300 g. The motor activity of the animals of the 1st (control) and 2nd groups was limited by the standard keeping animals in the vivarium, while physically active rats of the 3rd and 4th groups received additional physical activity - training on a treadmill. Before the end of the experiment, the animals of 3rd and 4th groups were given debilitating physical activity on a treadmill (until the rats refused to continue the exercise). Rats of all 4 groups received a standard semi-synthetic diet, water ad libitum. Animals in 2nd and 4th groups were additionally fed blueberry and blackcurrant extract (30% anthocyanins) as part of the diet at a daily dose of 15 mg anthocyanins/kg body weight. Hematological parameters were determined on a Coulter ACT TM 5 diff OV hematological analyzer. Expression of CD45R, CD3, CD4, CD8a, CD161 receptors on rat peripheral blood lymphocytes was determined by direct immunofluorescent staining of whole blood cells using a panel of monoclonal antibodies conjugated with fluorescent dyes: APC, FITC, PE. The measurements were carried out on an FC-500 flow cytometer. Results. Intense physical activity in rats of the 3rd group did not lead to a significant change in erythrocyte parameters compared with the control group. Enrichment of the diet with blueberry and black currant extract (the 2nd and the 4th groups) provided a significant (p<0.05) increase in blood content of hemoglobin (Hb) (150.7±0.9 and 154.4±2.0 vs 145.4±0.9 g/l in control), hematocrit (44.95±0.21 and 46.18±0.64 vs 43.78±0.32%) and the average content of Hb in erythrocytes (18.00±0.20 and 18.03±0.24 vs 17.35±0.24 pg). The absolute content of leukocytes and other cellular elements of the leukocyte formula, as well as leukocyte indices in rats of the experimental groups didn't significantly differ from those of the control rats, which confirms the absence of an inflammatory process. Intense physical activity and anthocyanin enrichment of the diet didn't have a significant effect on rat platelet parameters. Enrichment of the diet of rats of the 4th group with blueberry and black currant extract led to the activation of cellular immunity, as evidenced by a significant (p<0.01) increase in the percentage (from the total content of T-lymphocytes) of T-helpers (70.13 ±1.34 vs 63.75±0.99%) and a decrease in the relative content of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (28.65±1.38 vs 34.71±0.95%) in comparison with those in rats of the 3rd group and at the level of the trend (р<0.1) - from the 1st group indexes (66.87±1.20 and 31.87±1.26%, accordingly). Intense physical activity led to a decrease in immunoregulatory index in rats of the 3rd group (1.86±0.07) compared with the control (2.13±0.12) (p<0.1), and in animals of the 4th group this indicator was significantly higher (2.50±0.14, p<0.05). In animals of the 3rd group a statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in the relative content of NK cells in peripheral blood was found compared to the control. Enrichment of the diet of physically active rats with blueberry and black currant extract led to a significant (p<0.05) increase in the percentage of NK cells compared to this indicator in rats of the 3rd group (4.87±0.75 vs 2.08±0.18%) and had no significant difference with the indicator in rats of the control group (4.32±0.98%). Conclusion. The enrichment of the rats' diet with blueberry and blackcurrant extract containing a daily dose of 15 mg of anthocyanins per kg of body weight provides an increase in blood Hb content, hematocrit and the average content Hb in erythrocytes. It has been established that intense physical activity induces the cellular immunity suppression. The activating effect of anthocyanins on adaptive cellular immunity and NK cells, which are lymphocytes of innate immunity, was revealed. The data obtained indicate the effectiveness of the use of bioactive compounds (anthocyanins) to increase the adaptive potential of the organism.

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Voprosy pitaniia
Voprosy pitaniia Medicine-Medicine (all)
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