The Role of Machine Learning in the Detection and Classification of Brain Tumors: A Literature Review of the Past Two Years

A brain tumor is an abnormal growth of cells in the brain. There are four common types of brain tumors.  Doctors can segment and identify the tumors manually, but it is very time-consuming. There exist automatic segmentation algorithms that can facilitate the process. Deep learning is a new method of creating powerful AI models. As a result, there is a need for automatic segmentation algorithms that can facilitate the process and improve the accuracy of brain tumor detection. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have emerged as promising tools for developing such algorithms. In particular, deep learning (DL) methods, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have shown great potential for accurately identifying brain tumors in medical images. This paper presents a literature review of recently published papers (2020-2022) on brain tumor classification and detection using artificial intelligence. The review covers various AI and DL methods, including supervised learning, reinforcement learning, and unsupervised learning. It evaluates their effectiveness in detecting and classifying brain tumors in medical images. The review also discusses the challenges and limitations of these methods, as well as future directions for research in this field.