Electrical Conductivity and Dielectric Properties of Lead‑Free Perovskite: Ca0,08Na0,92Sn0,08Nb0,92O3 Ceramic

Multiferroics are materials in which at the same phase there are at least two ferroic features, i.e., ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism or ferroelasticity [1,2]. The most interesting due to their potential applications are perovskite materials of the general formula ABO3. These materials are becoming increasingly widespread, such as in electronics, microelectronics, radiation detectors and electromechanical transducers [3-5]. In particular, there has been a growing interest in studying the Piezoelectric compounds mostly due to their properties such as the simplicity of crystallographic structure, their flexibility and their ability to change the physical characteristics by ionic substitutions on different structural sites. Especially, materials derived from sodium niobate NaNbO3 which are the subject of several studies due to their effective dielectric, piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and electro-optical properties [6]. These materials are widely studied as active materials in the acoustic domain, starting from the energy recovery to the actuator through the ink jet print head [7].