人工照明对沿海城市化潮间带群落的影响

S. Juan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

沿海城市化往往伴随着人工结构取代自然基质,这导致沿海生境的改变,物种丰富度、多样性和微生境多样性的丧失,并有利于非本地物种的定居。沿海防御结构对潮间带群落造成的影响进一步受到人口稠密地区产生的人为压力的影响(例如污染或潮间带生物的收集)。其中,人造光对潮间带群落的影响实际上是未知的,尽管许多潮间带生物的行为与周期和昼夜节律同步。考虑到大面积的自然和人工栖息地暴露在人工照明下,本综述揭示了这方面的现有知识,以评估这一被忽视的影响的重要性。夜间照明可以增加潮间带群落的压力,改变捕食率和群落动态。同样,光线可能有利于视觉觅食者和黄昏行为。因此,在未来的保护策略和更生态的海岸结构设计中应考虑光污染。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effects of Artificial Illumination on Intertidal Communities As A Consequence of Coastal Urbanisation
Coastal urbanization is often accompanied by the replacement of natural substrata by artificial structures, which causes coastal habitat modifications, losses of species richness, diversity and microhabitats diversity and favours the settlement of non-native species. The impact that coastal defence structures cause in the intertidal community is further favoured by the anthropic pressures produced in heavily populated areas (such as pollution or the collection of intertidal organisms). Among these, the effect of artificial lights on intertidal communities is practically unknown, even though that the behaviour of many intertidal vagile organisms is synchronized with circatidal and circadian rhythms. Considering that large areas of natural and artificial habitats are exposed to artificial illumination, this review exposes the current knowledge in this matter in order to evaluate the importance of this disregarded impact. Nocturnal lighting can increase stress in intertidal communities, modifying the predation rates and community dynamics. Likewise, lights may favour visual foragers and favour crepuscular behaviours. In consequence, light pollution should be considered in future conservation strategies and more ecological coastal structure designs.
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