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引用次数: 6
摘要
二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)这两种长链欧米伽-3 脂肪酸存在于海产品、补充剂和浓缩药物制剂中。前瞻性队列研究表明,EPA+DHA 摄入量越高或体内 EPA 和 DHA 含量越高,患心血管疾病(CVD)(尤其是冠心病和心肌梗死)的风险就越低,普通人群的心血管疾病死亡率也就越低。EPA 和 DHA 对心脏的保护作用是由于它们对心血管疾病的一些风险因素起到了有益的调节作用。一些大型试验支持在高危患者中使用 EPA+DHA(或单独使用 EPA),但证据并不一致。本综述介绍了 EPA 和 DHA 在心血管疾病一级和二级预防中的主要研究,简要描述了潜在的作用机制,并讨论了最近发表的 RCT 和荟萃分析。还讨论了长链欧米加-3 脂肪酸与心血管疾病相关的潜在不利因素。
Pros and Cons of Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Health.
The long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are found in seafood, supplements, and concentrated pharmaceutical preparations. Prospective cohort studies demonstrate an association between higher intakes of EPA+DHA or higher levels of EPA and DHA in the body and lower risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction, and of cardiovascular mortality in the general population. The cardioprotective effect of EPA and DHA is due to the beneficial modulation of a number of risk factors for CVD. Some large trials support the use of EPA+DHA (or EPA alone) in high-risk patients, although the evidence is inconsistent. This review presents key studies of EPA and DHA in the primary and secondary prevention of CVD, briefly describes potential mechanisms of action, and discusses recently published RCTs and meta-analyses. Potential adverse aspects of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in relation to CVD are discussed.
期刊介绍:
Since 1961, the Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology has been a comprehensive resource covering significant developments in pharmacology and toxicology. The journal encompasses various aspects, including receptors, transporters, enzymes, chemical agents, drug development science, and systems like the immune, nervous, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, endocrine, and pulmonary systems. Special topics are also featured in this annual review.