尼日利亚伊巴丹两个农场的家禽粪便中出现兽医抗生素:粪便改良土壤的生态毒理学影响。

Akinranti Ajibola, Damilola Olatunji, Olalekan Bayode
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引用次数: 2

摘要

兽医抗生素通常用于家禽养殖,以预防疾病和促进生长。由于它们在家禽中的代谢不完全,兽医抗生素通常被排出体外,并经常在家禽粪便中检测到。禽粪中的兽用抗生素进入土壤后,会对陆地和水生环境造成严重的生态影响。在目前的工作中,调查了尼日利亚两个家禽养殖场的家禽粪便中三种兽医抗生素(磺胺甲恶唑、磺胺嘧啶和甲氧苄啶)的出现情况,这三种抗生素被归类为至关重要的兽医抗菌药物。并对目标兽用抗生素在禽粪改良土壤中的潜在生态毒理学风险进行了评价。采用改良的快速、简便、廉价、有效、坚固、安全的提取方法(QuEChERS)提取目标兽用抗生素,并通过高效液相色谱法进行仪器分析。鸡场粪便中磺胺甲恶唑、磺胺嘧啶和甲氧苄啶的含量分别高达12.7、16.1和33.8 μg -1。禽粪改良土壤中磺胺甲恶唑和甲氧苄啶对蚯蚓的危害较低。磺胺甲恶唑对B农场水稻根长的生态效应较高,a农场的生态效应中等,磺胺甲恶唑对水生生物的生态效应较高,磺胺甲嘧啶和甲氧苄啶对水生生物的生态效应分别为中等和低风险。结果表明,禽粪中残留的兽用抗生素在施用于农业土壤后可能对作物产生不良影响。有必要为尼日利亚的家禽养殖户制定有效的启蒙计划,使他们意识到家禽养殖中过度和不受控制地使用兽医抗生素对环境和毒理学的影响,以及在农田上施用家禽粪便对生态的不利影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Occurrence of veterinary antibiotics in poultry manure from two farms in Ibadan, Nigeria: Ecotoxicological implications in manure-amended soil.

Occurrence of veterinary antibiotics in poultry manure from two farms in Ibadan, Nigeria: Ecotoxicological implications in manure-amended soil.

Occurrence of veterinary antibiotics in poultry manure from two farms in Ibadan, Nigeria: Ecotoxicological implications in manure-amended soil.

Veterinary antibiotics are commonly used in poultry farming for preventing diseases and promoting growth. As a result of their incomplete metabolism in poultry birds, veterinary antibiotics are usually excreted and are frequently detected in poultry manures. Veterinary antibiotics in poultry manure applied onto soil may pose serious ecological effect to the terrestrial and aquatic environment. In the present work, the occurrence of three veterinary antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole, sulfadimidine and trimethoprim), categorized as veterinary antimicrobial agents of critical importance, was investigated in poultry manure from two poultry farms in Nigeria. The potential ecotoxicological risk of target veterinary antibiotics in poultry manure-amended soil was also assessed. A modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) extraction was adopted for the extraction of target veterinary antibiotics and instrumental analysis was achieved by high performance liquid chromatography. Sulfamethoxazole, sulfadimidine and trimethoprim were quantified in poultry manures from the poultry farms up to 12.7 μg g-1, 16.1 μg g-1 and 33.8 μg g-1, respectively. Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim in poultry manure-amended soil presented low risk to Eisenia fetida (earthworm). The ecological effect of sulfamethoxazole for the root length of rice was high in Farm B and medium in Farm A. Sulfamethoxazole presented high risk to aquatic organisms while sulfadimidine and trimethoprim posed medium risk and low risk, respectively to aquatic organisms. The results indicated that residual veterinary antibiotics in poultry manures could have adverse effects on crops after application to agricultural soil. There is a need for effective enlightenment programs for poultry farmers in Nigeria to bring about awareness on the environmental and toxicological impact of the excessive and uncontrolled use of veterinary antibiotics in poultry farming and the adverse ecological implications of poultry manure application on farmlands.

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