{"title":"2018-2021年加里宁格勒地区居民对当前流感病毒抗原变异的人口免疫力","authors":"A. Goncharov, O. A. Egorenkova, V. Shupletsova","doi":"10.46235/1028-7221-1170-pii","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of population immunity assessment in residents of the Kaliningrad region to current antigenic variants of influenza viruses over the period of 2018 to 2021. To assess spectrum of influenza types circulating in Kaliningrad region, the real-time PCR method was used using AmpliSense reagent kits. The biological material for the study was obtained from oropharyngeal swabs from the persons who applied to polyclinics with inflammatory diseases of upper respiratory tract, or underwent treatment at the out- or inpatient basis in a healthcare facilities of Kaliningrad region. Humoral immunity was assessed by testing blood sera obtained from healthy residents of Kaliningrad region during periodic prophylactic examinations at the city and regional polyclinics. The study of residents covered all age groups. For the period of 2018-2021, more than 14,000 studies have been carried out. Determination of specific serum antibody titers was carried out by staging the hemagglutination suppression reaction using local influenza antigens (LLC PPDP, St. Petersburg). Antibody titers of 1/40 and higher were considered sufficient to reduce the risk of disease by 50%. During the study period, 2165 cases of influenza were confirmed in the region by laboratory tests. Over the study period, the A(H1N1) pdm serotype proved to be the major strain causing influenza, its proportion reached 57.5%. However, along with A(H1N1) pdm, a significant contribution was also made the A(H3N2) strain to the epidemic process, being the etiological cause of influenza infection in 2019 (42.2%), type B influenza strains being actual in 2020 (42.5%). Over the period of 2018-2021, 420 samples of blood sera from vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals were tested for specific antibodies. The sera were taken 1-2 months after vaccination and between epidemic rises of influenza (April-May). In vaccinated individuals, the antibody titer was protective in 58.3-64.5%. In this group of persons, the titer sufficient to produce immunity was maintained over the spring/summer period. Among those persons who refused vaccination, a protective antibody titer in the pre-epidemic period was noted in 41.2% of the examined, and during the off-season it was detected in 37.4% of the volunteers. Thus, the A(H1N1) pdm strain was the main etiological factor of influenza in Kaliningrad Region in 2018-2021. The protective level of antibodies in vaccinated population over the period preceding the epidemic peak, was observed 30% more often than in unvaccinated individuals. High incidence of influenza B strains noted in 2020 appears to require a change of specific vaccine preparation.","PeriodicalId":21524,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Immunology","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Population immunity in residents of the Kaliningrad region to current antigenic variants of influenza viruses over 2018-2021\",\"authors\":\"A. Goncharov, O. A. Egorenkova, V. Shupletsova\",\"doi\":\"10.46235/1028-7221-1170-pii\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The article presents the results of population immunity assessment in residents of the Kaliningrad region to current antigenic variants of influenza viruses over the period of 2018 to 2021. To assess spectrum of influenza types circulating in Kaliningrad region, the real-time PCR method was used using AmpliSense reagent kits. The biological material for the study was obtained from oropharyngeal swabs from the persons who applied to polyclinics with inflammatory diseases of upper respiratory tract, or underwent treatment at the out- or inpatient basis in a healthcare facilities of Kaliningrad region. Humoral immunity was assessed by testing blood sera obtained from healthy residents of Kaliningrad region during periodic prophylactic examinations at the city and regional polyclinics. The study of residents covered all age groups. For the period of 2018-2021, more than 14,000 studies have been carried out. Determination of specific serum antibody titers was carried out by staging the hemagglutination suppression reaction using local influenza antigens (LLC PPDP, St. Petersburg). Antibody titers of 1/40 and higher were considered sufficient to reduce the risk of disease by 50%. During the study period, 2165 cases of influenza were confirmed in the region by laboratory tests. Over the study period, the A(H1N1) pdm serotype proved to be the major strain causing influenza, its proportion reached 57.5%. However, along with A(H1N1) pdm, a significant contribution was also made the A(H3N2) strain to the epidemic process, being the etiological cause of influenza infection in 2019 (42.2%), type B influenza strains being actual in 2020 (42.5%). Over the period of 2018-2021, 420 samples of blood sera from vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals were tested for specific antibodies. The sera were taken 1-2 months after vaccination and between epidemic rises of influenza (April-May). In vaccinated individuals, the antibody titer was protective in 58.3-64.5%. In this group of persons, the titer sufficient to produce immunity was maintained over the spring/summer period. Among those persons who refused vaccination, a protective antibody titer in the pre-epidemic period was noted in 41.2% of the examined, and during the off-season it was detected in 37.4% of the volunteers. Thus, the A(H1N1) pdm strain was the main etiological factor of influenza in Kaliningrad Region in 2018-2021. The protective level of antibodies in vaccinated population over the period preceding the epidemic peak, was observed 30% more often than in unvaccinated individuals. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
本文介绍了2018年至2021年期间加里宁格勒地区居民对当前流感病毒抗原变异的人群免疫评估结果。为了评估加里宁格勒地区流行的流感类型谱,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法,使用AmpliSense试剂盒。该研究的生物材料是从加里宁格勒地区医疗机构门诊或住院治疗的上呼吸道炎症性疾病患者的口咽拭子中获得的。体液免疫是通过检测加里宁格勒地区健康居民在城市和地区综合诊所定期预防性检查期间采集的血清来评估的。对居民的研究涵盖了所有年龄组。在2018年至2021年期间,开展了14000多项研究。采用当地流感抗原(LLC PPDP, St. Petersburg)分期进行血凝抑制反应,测定特异性血清抗体滴度。抗体滴度为1/40或更高被认为足以降低50%的疾病风险。在研究期间,该区域通过实验室检测确认了2165例流感病例。在研究期间,A(H1N1) pdm血清型被证明是引起流感的主要菌株,其比例达到57.5%。然而,除了甲型H1N1流感,甲型H3N2流感毒株对流感流行过程也有重要贡献,是2019年流感感染的病因(42.2%),乙型流感毒株是2020年的实际病因(42.5%)。在2018-2021年期间,对接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的人的420份血清样本进行了特异性抗体检测。在接种疫苗后1-2个月和流感流行上升期间(4 - 5月)采集血清。在接种者中,抗体效价为58.3-64.5%。在这组人中,在春夏期间维持了足以产生免疫力的滴度。在拒绝接种疫苗的人群中,41.2%的被检查者在流行前检测到保护性抗体滴度,37.4%的被检查者在淡季检测到保护性抗体滴度。因此,甲型H1N1 pdm毒株是2018-2021年加里宁格勒地区流感的主要病原。在流行高峰之前的一段时间内,接种疫苗的人群中抗体的保护水平比未接种疫苗的人群高30%。注意到2020年乙型流感毒株的高发病率似乎需要改变特定的疫苗制备。
Population immunity in residents of the Kaliningrad region to current antigenic variants of influenza viruses over 2018-2021
The article presents the results of population immunity assessment in residents of the Kaliningrad region to current antigenic variants of influenza viruses over the period of 2018 to 2021. To assess spectrum of influenza types circulating in Kaliningrad region, the real-time PCR method was used using AmpliSense reagent kits. The biological material for the study was obtained from oropharyngeal swabs from the persons who applied to polyclinics with inflammatory diseases of upper respiratory tract, or underwent treatment at the out- or inpatient basis in a healthcare facilities of Kaliningrad region. Humoral immunity was assessed by testing blood sera obtained from healthy residents of Kaliningrad region during periodic prophylactic examinations at the city and regional polyclinics. The study of residents covered all age groups. For the period of 2018-2021, more than 14,000 studies have been carried out. Determination of specific serum antibody titers was carried out by staging the hemagglutination suppression reaction using local influenza antigens (LLC PPDP, St. Petersburg). Antibody titers of 1/40 and higher were considered sufficient to reduce the risk of disease by 50%. During the study period, 2165 cases of influenza were confirmed in the region by laboratory tests. Over the study period, the A(H1N1) pdm serotype proved to be the major strain causing influenza, its proportion reached 57.5%. However, along with A(H1N1) pdm, a significant contribution was also made the A(H3N2) strain to the epidemic process, being the etiological cause of influenza infection in 2019 (42.2%), type B influenza strains being actual in 2020 (42.5%). Over the period of 2018-2021, 420 samples of blood sera from vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals were tested for specific antibodies. The sera were taken 1-2 months after vaccination and between epidemic rises of influenza (April-May). In vaccinated individuals, the antibody titer was protective in 58.3-64.5%. In this group of persons, the titer sufficient to produce immunity was maintained over the spring/summer period. Among those persons who refused vaccination, a protective antibody titer in the pre-epidemic period was noted in 41.2% of the examined, and during the off-season it was detected in 37.4% of the volunteers. Thus, the A(H1N1) pdm strain was the main etiological factor of influenza in Kaliningrad Region in 2018-2021. The protective level of antibodies in vaccinated population over the period preceding the epidemic peak, was observed 30% more often than in unvaccinated individuals. High incidence of influenza B strains noted in 2020 appears to require a change of specific vaccine preparation.