牛奶造就国家:1901-1971年智利国家牛奶计划的扩展和实施

IF 0.3 4区 历史学 Q2 HISTORY
Jael Goldsmith Weil
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引用次数: 15

摘要

自20世纪初以来,智利为应对婴儿死亡率和营养不良的高指数,实施了向家庭分发牛奶的方案,以换取他们坚持预防性保健方案。本文概述了这些努力的背景和范围,追踪其制度化从慈善倡议到1954年的普遍权利。在爱德华多·弗雷·蒙塔尔瓦(Eduardo Frei Montalva)执政期间(1964-1970年),在一个进步的社区保健项目的背景下,当地诊所工作人员挨家挨户招募母亲成为受益者。对于许多既不是正式工人也不是习惯性选民的女性来说,这是她们第一次与国家接触。这篇文章依靠实地调查和对专家、服务提供者和家庭的深入采访,追踪了国家扩张在地方层面的经历。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Milk Makes State: The Extension and Implementation of Chile’s State Milk Programs, 1901-1971
Since the early 20 th century, Chile has responded to high indices of infant mortality and malnutrition with programs that distribute milk to families in exchange for their maintenance of a preventative healthcare program. This article outlines the background and extent of these efforts, tracking their institutionalization from charitable initiatives to a universal right as of 1954. During the government of Eduardo Frei Montalva (1964-1970) in the context of a progressive communitarian health project, local clinic workers would go door-to-door recruiting mothers to become beneficiaries. For many women, neither formal workers nor habitual voters, these encounters were their first with the state. The article relies on site-intensive research and in-depth interviews with experts, service providers and families to trace how state expansion was experienced at the local level.
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