甜菜醪青贮作为奶牛全混合日粮的组成部分-对消化参数和动物生产性能的影响

S. Schmidt, H. Steingass, T. Jungbluth, W. Drochner
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引用次数: 7

摘要

作为总混合日粮(TMR)的组成部分,甜菜醪青贮(BMS)的添加量高达DM的35%。根据计算出的泌乳净能含量,将对照日粮中的大麦和糖蜜在日粮BMS 1/2中替换为BMS一半,在日粮BMS 1/1中替换为全量。进行了两项试验。试验1以4头患瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛为试验对象,测定每日粮的瘤胃发酵参数和粗营养物质消化率。测定每日粮2头荷斯坦奶牛的咀嚼活性。与对照日粮相比,BMS日粮的反刍胃NH3浓度较低,pH下降幅度较小。BMS组瘤胃液中挥发性脂肪酸的分布倾向于丙酸和丁酸。饲喂BMS对咀嚼和反刍均无负面影响。能量消化率由对照日粮的59.8%显著提高至BMS 1/1日粮的72.6%。在试验II中,对24头荷斯坦奶牛进行了相同的饲料改良设计,以测试采食量和动物生产性能。结果表明,饲粮对干物质采食量和产奶量无显著影响。两项试验结果表明,BMS可以替代高剂量的谷物,对瘤胃发酵、产奶量和乳成分没有负面影响,脂肪含量略有下降。为了更好地处理BMS,将其包含在TMR中是有好处的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Sugar beet mash silage as a component of a total‐mixed‐ration for dairy cows – effects on parameters of digestion and animal performance
Sugar beet mash silage (BMS) was offered in amounts up to 35% of DM to dairy cows as a component of a total‐mixed‐ration (TMR). Barley and molasses in the control ration were replaced by BMS half in ration BMS 1/2 and in total in ration BMS 1/1 on the basis of the calculated contents of net energy for lactation. Two trials were carried out. In trial I each ration was tested on parameters of rumen fermentation and digestibility of crude nutrients using 4 Holstein cows with rumen fistula. Chewing activity was tested on 2 Holstein cows for each ration. With the BMS rations the ruminai NH3 concentration was lower and the drop in pH was less than in the control ration. The pattern of volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid from the BMS groups tended towards more propionic and butyric acid. The feeding of BMS showed no negative impact on chewing and rumination. Energy digestibility raised significantly from 59.8% in the control ration to 72.6% in the BMS 1/1 ration. In trial II the same rations were fed in a change‐over‐design to a herd of 24 Holstein cows to test feed intake and animal performance. The results showed no significant effects of BMS rations on DM intake and milk production. The results of both trials indicate that even high amounts of cereals can be replaced by BMS without negative effects on rumen fermentation, milk yield and milk composition with slight drop in fat content. For a better handling of BMS, it is of advantage to include it in a TMR.
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