New approach based on Hilbert curve for energy efficient data collection in WSN with mobile sink

Energy is the most important resource in the design of wireless sensor networks (WSNs); as a result, most of the research work was done on this topic. It has been proven that the mobility in this kind of network plays an important role in energy conservation. The movement of the Sink is the most interesting type of mobility. In this work, the authors optimise the Sink travel in sensor field using Hilbert curve as an efficient data collection trajectory. The sensor field is organised in clusters and a virtual rendezvous point (VRP) is selected at each cluster for the sojourn of the Sink. The optimal position of the VRP is obtained using their integer linear program which takes into account the optimal transmission range between the Sink and the sensor node. The obtained results showed the supremacy of the Hilbert curve compared to other curves generated by other optimisation approaches and confirm that the solution based on clustering and Hilbert curve has performed well in terms of energy gain.