对社会而非金钱奖励结果的神经反应的文化差异。

Elizabeth Blevins, Michael Ko, BoKyung Park, Yang Qu, Brian Knutson, Jeanne L Tsai
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引用次数: 0

摘要

欧洲裔美国人比中国人更积极地看待高强度、张大嘴巴的“兴奋”微笑,因为他们更看重兴奋和其他高唤醒的积极状态(Tsai et al. 2018)。这种差异得到了与奖励相关的神经活动的支持,与中国人相比,欧洲裔美国人对兴奋(与平静)微笑表现出更大的伏隔核(NAcc)活动(Park et al., 2018)。但这些文化差异是否适用于所有奖励,它们是否与现实世界的社会行为有关?欧美(N = 26)和中国(N = 27)参与者在接受功能磁共振成像(FMRI)时完成了区分社会和金钱奖励预期和接收(结果)的社会和金钱激励延迟任务。当预期社会或金钱奖励时,两组的NAcc活动没有差异。然而,正如预测的那样,当看到结果(收到社会奖励)时兴奋的微笑时,欧裔美国人比中国人表现出更大的NAcc活动。当参与者得到金钱回报时,没有出现文化差异。结果显示,NAcc活动增加的人在社交媒体上的朋友微笑更强烈。这些发现表明,文化在调节与奖励相关的神经反应中起着特定的作用,这些神经反应与现实世界的关系有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Cultural variation in neural responses to social but not monetary reward outcomes.

European Americans view high-intensity, open-mouthed 'excited' smiles more positively than Chinese because they value excitement and other high arousal positive states more. This difference is supported by reward-related neural activity, with European Americans showing greater Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc) activity to excited (vs calm) smiles than Chinese. But do these cultural differences generalize to all rewards, and are they related to real-world social behavior? European American (N = 26) and Chinese (N = 27) participants completed social and monetary incentive delay tasks that distinguished between the anticipation and receipt (outcome) of social and monetary rewards while undergoing Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (FMRI). The groups did not differ in NAcc activity when anticipating social or monetary rewards. However, as predicted, European Americans showed greater NAcc activity than Chinese when viewing excited smiles during outcome (the receipt of social reward). No cultural differences emerged when participants received monetary outcomes. Individuals who showed increased NAcc activity to excited smiles during outcome had friends with more intense smiles on social media. These findings suggest that culture plays a specific role in modulating reward-related neural responses to excited smiles during outcome, which are associated with real-world relationships.

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