地方性昆虫病原线虫防治葡萄粉蚧、无花果平球菌的潜力

T. Platt, N. F. Stokwe, A. Malan
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引用次数: 15

摘要

无花果Planococcus ficus,葡萄粉蚧,是南非葡萄的主要粉蚧害虫。为了提供化学防治的替代方案,研究了昆虫病原线虫(EPNs)作为生物防治剂在害虫综合治理系统中的应用。筛选了4种本地EPN对雌无花果假丝虫的杀伤效果,其中致死率最高的是黑棘芽孢杆菌(Heterorhabditis noenieputensis),致死率为90%,致死率为63%;由于此前已证明yirgalemense对一系列害虫非常有效,因此还评估了温度和湿度对S. yirgalemense对雌无花果的感染性的影响。25°C施药时的死亡率最高,为72%,30°C施药时死亡率为45%,15°C施药时死亡率仅为9%。yirgalemense在100%相对湿度(RH)下表现最好,死亡率为70%。RH水平降低导致死亡率降低(80% RH死亡率为61%,60% RH死亡率为40%)。作为一种土壤基生物,在温度适中、湿度较高的条件下,葡萄球菌对榕树的生物防治效果最好。它对无花果的致死率和其作为本地物种的地位表明它是一种潜在的葡萄粉蚧生物防治剂。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Potential of Local Entomopathogenic Nematodes for Control of the Vine Mealybug, Planococcus ficus
Planococcus ficus, the vine mealybug, is the dominant mealybug pest of grapes in South Africa. To provide an alternative for chemical control, entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) were investigated as a biological control agent to be used in an integrated pest management system. Four local EPN species were screened for efficacy against female P. ficus, the most potent of which were Heterorhabditis noenieputensis, with 90% mortality, and Steinernema yirgalemense, with 63%. Since S. yirgalemense was previously shown to be highly effective against a range of pests, the effects of temperature and humidity on the infectivity of S. yirgalemense to female P. ficus were also assessed. The application of S. yirgalemense at 25°C yielded the highest mortality, of 72%, followed by 45% mortality at 30°C, and only 9% mortality when applied at 15°C. Steinernema yirgalemense performed best at 100% relative humidity (RH), resulting in 70% mortality. Decreasing RH levels resulted in decreased mortality (61% mortality at 80% RH, 40% mortality at 60% RH). As a soil-based organism, S. yirgalemense is most effective as a biocontrol agent of P. ficus under conditions of moderate temperature and high humidity. Its lethality to P. ficus, and its status as an indigenous species, indicate its promise as a potential biocontrol agent of the vine mealybug.
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