循环运动中运动员的机能准备状态

IF 0.2 Q4 SPORT SCIENCES
V. Kornyakova, V. Badtieva, V. Сonway
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引用次数: 2

摘要

的目标。本研究旨在评估高技能田径和滑雪运动员的功能状态,并确定疲劳标准。材料和方法。高水平的田径运动员(43名)和滑雪运动员(16名)在训练周期的准备阶段接受了检查。采用问卷调查、人体测量、生理生化等研究方法对运动员的功能准备状态进行评估。结果。根据病史和问卷调查数据,将所有运动员分为两组:第一组为无疲劳症状的运动员,第二组为有疲劳症状的运动员。在有疲劳抱怨的运动员中,心率在休息和恢复期后都有所增加;物理效率降低了28%,最大耗氧量降低了17.7%。这些运动员的心率变异性表明交感神经系统的活动增加,调节系统的压力指数增加。第二组红细胞的谷胱甘肽含量和抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶)活性均较低。第二组的一些生理生化数据的变化表明存在身体疲劳。结论:37.3%的循环运动运动员出现过疲劳。抗氧化保护、体能效率、最大耗氧量和心率变异性等数据可用于综合评估运动员的功能准备和体能疲劳。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
THE FUNCTIONAL READINESS OF ATHLETES FROM CYCLIC SPORTS
Aim. The study aims at assessing the functional status of highly skilled athletes from track-and-field and ski sports and determining fatigue criteria. Materials and methods. Highly skilled track-and-field athletes (43) and skiers (16) underwent examination at the preparatory stage of a training cycle. The functional readiness of athletes was assessed using questionnaires, anthropometric, physiological and biochemical research methods. Results. According to the medical history and questionnaire data, all athletes were divided into two groups: the first group included subjects without any signs of fatigue, the second group comprised athletes with fatigue complaints. In athletes with fatigue complaints, increased heart rate was recorded both at rest and after the recovery period; physical efficiency reduced by 28 %, maximum oxygen consumption – by 17.7 %. Heart rate variability in these athletes demonstrates the increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system and increased stress index of the regulatory systems. Glutathione content and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) were lower in the erythrocytes of the second group. Some alterations in physiological and biochemical data of the second group demonstrated the presence of physical fatigue. Conclusion. 37.3 % of athletes from cyclic sports experienced any fatigue. The data of antioxidant protection, physical efficiency, maximum oxygen consumption and heart rate variabi­lity can be used for a comprehensive assessment of functional readiness and physical fatigue in athletes.
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来源期刊
Human Sport Medicine
Human Sport Medicine SPORT SCIENCES-
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
50.00%
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