Examining the Effect of Elementary School 5th Grade Subject of Extraction on Readiness for Integers

The concept of number sense first appeared theoretically in the report published by NCTM in 1989. Although it is an important concept that includes the meaning of numbers and the relationship between numbers, it is very difficult to make a clear definition of it. This could also be true for the concept of integer, which we cannot place in our world of meaning in daily life or which we have difficulty in finding an equivalent for. For integers that have an abstract world of meaning, a misconception may occur between the integer sign and the sign used for operation. In this respect, this study aimed to examine the effect of subtraction, which can create pre-learning, on the concept of integers. Moreover, it was requested to demonstrate that the operational knowledge used by students in subtraction can be utilized in teaching integers. A total of 17 students studying in the 5th grade of a secondary school in Turkey participated in the study. As the research design, the action research method, one of qualitative research methods, was used, and the data were collected with the trilogy technique. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis and content analysis. The findings revealed that the teaching technique of subtraction opened the door for students to form and make sense of the concept of minus. In this context, it is recommended to provide mathematical skills in a cumulative manner.