尼泊尔加德满都室内粉尘中重金属暴露的非致癌和致癌风险评估

Sulakshya Bhandari, Sudarshana Shakya, B. Adhikari, M. Shrestha, Bindra Devi Shakya, Achut Ram Pradhananga, Prem Kumar Shrestha, R. Shakya, D. R. Pant, P. Shakya
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究旨在评估尼泊尔加德满都室内家居粉尘中的重金属污染及其对室内环境和人体健康的不利影响。采用火焰原子吸收分光光度计(FAAS)测定了加德满都商业区、繁忙交通区、居民区和控制区(未受干扰区)共93份室内粉尘样品(N = 93)中的4种重金属(Cd、Cr、Ni和Pb)浓度。研究区室内粉尘样品中Cd、Cr、Ni和Pb的平均浓度分别为0.89、158.1、113.3和65.3 mg/kg。各土地利用区室内粉尘中金属污染程度从中等到相当程度不等。PLI显示,受监测地点的污染负荷很高,情况令人担忧,急需立即采取补救行动。危害商(HQ)值表明,儿童室内粉尘重金属暴露的主要途径是摄入,而成人以吸入途径为主。危害指数(HI)值显示,加德满都室内粉尘中存在的重金属没有可能的非致癌风险。在致癌健康风险方面,发现TLCR值在可接受的安全范围内,表明两组受体都没有致癌风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Non-carcinogenic and Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Exposure to Indoor Dust in Kathmandu, Nepal
The present study was carried out to assess the contamination of heavy metals in indoor household dust of Kathmandu, Nepal, and its adverse effect on the indoor environment and human health. The concentrations of four heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb) in a total of ninety-three (N = 93) indoor dust samples collected from four different types of land use zones viz., commercial, heavy traffic, residential, and control (undisturbed) of Kathmandu were determined by the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS). The mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb in indoor dust samples over the study zones were 0.89, 158.1, 113.3, and 65.3 mg/kg, respectively. The land use zones showed the various degree of metal contamination in indoor dust ranging from moderate to considerable level. PLI showed a high pollution load in the monitored locations, indicating an alarming condition and the urgent need for immediate remedial actions. Hazard quotient (HQ) values indicated ingestion as the major pathway of indoor dust heavy metal exposure to children while the inhalation pathway remained dominant in adults. Hazard index (HI) values showed no probable noncarcinogenic risk of the heavy metals present in the indoor dust of Kathmandu. For carcinogenic health risk, TLCR values were found within the acceptable safe limit indicating no cancer risk for both the receptor groups.
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