更正:反对关于运气的认识论

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引用次数: 0

摘要

运气的认识论解释定义了运气相对于主体的认识论地位的偶然性条件。这可以用受试者对事件是否会发生的证据或知识来表示。我认为这两个版本的认识论都是失败的。在第1节中,我给出了两种基于证据的方法的反例。在第2部分中,我认为——与以知识为基础的观点相反——一个事件对一个主体来说可能是好运或坏运气,即使她知道它会发生。在第3节中,我认为认识论不能解释一些构成运气的例子。由于这些问题,运气的偶然性条件不能从认识论上得到充分的定义。运气通常被定义为两个必要且共同重要的条件:重要性和机会。捕捉幸运事件是偶然的感觉的一种方法是通过认知条件。更准确地说,运气的认识论解释定义了运气相对于主体的认识论地位的偶然性条件。这可以用受试者关于事件是否会发生的证据(例如,Stoutenburg 2015, 2019, 2020)或知识(例如,Steglich-Petersen 2010, 2020)来表示。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Correction to: Against epistemic accounts of luck
Epistemic accounts of luck define luck’s chanciness condition relative to a subject’s epistemic position. This could be put in terms of a subject’s evidence or knowledge about whether the event will occur. I argue that both versions of the epistemic account fail. In section 1, I give two types of counterexamples to the evidence-based approach. In section 2, I argue—contrary to the knowledge-based view—that an event can be a matter of good or bad luck for a subject even if she knows that it will occur. In section 3, I argue that epistemic accounts cannot explain some instances of constitutive luck. Because of these problems, luck’s chanciness condition cannot be adequately defined epistemically. Luck is typically defined in terms of two necessary and jointly significant conditions: significance and chance. One way of capturing the sense in which a lucky event is chancy is via an epistemic condition. More precisely, epistemic accounts of luck define luck’s chanciness condition relative to a subject’s epistemic position. This could be put in terms of a subject’s evidence (for example, Stoutenburg 2015, 2019, 2020) or knowledge (for example, Steglich-Petersen 2010, 2020) about whether the event will occur.
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