Fabrication of Co-doped NiO nanoparticles and evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity and wound healing activities

Green synthesized NPs have been gaining more attention recently due to the medicinally active phytochemical constituents present in the plant extracts. This study presents a sustainable and economical approach for synthesizing undoped and doped NiO nanoparticles through co-precipitation. The nanoparticles were analyzed using UV–Vis, FTIR, XRD, SEM with EDAX, TEM, and XPS. From the phytochemical analysis, constituents present in the leaf extract may be responsible for the reduction and capping of the green synthesized pure and doped NPs. The antioxidant, antibacterial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and wound closure activity of the green synthesized pure and Co-doped NiO NPs have been analyzed. From the antibacterial activity, synthesized NPs exhibit a convincing zone of inhibition, which showed an increased efficiency towards Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cytotoxic activity has been examined using an L929 cell line with a series of concentrations of NPs, among which 25 µg/ml showed good activity.