Energy saving potential of phase change materials-enhanced building envelope considering the six Moroccan climate zones

Phase change materials (PCMs) show a good capability in absorbing massive heat when undergoing phase change, which have great potential to be incorporated into building envelopes to enhance indoor thermal comfort by preventing heat penetration into buildings and reducing energy requirements. In this work, a deep analysis of PCM enhanced-walls model has been conducted in six representative climate regions of Morocco: El Jadida, Fez, Marrakesh, Ifrane, and Errachidia. More in detail, numerical simulations were carried out to assess the thermal behavior and energy performance of a residential building integrated with four different PCMs. The results showed that the effectiveness and selection of PCMs strongly depend on local weather where they are applied, characteristics of HVAC systems, PCM layer thickness, and position. Furthermore, with reference to each climate zone, the appropriate PCM leading to the lowest annual energy consumption was identified. The findings show that PCMs are particularly suitable for Mediterranean climates, which a promising annual energy saving of about 41% was obtained. While, the lowest value was recorded in Errachidia city reveals that the integration of PCM has little effect in desert climate zone. As for the other climates considered, values of about 28% to 31% were achieved in the studied house model.