社会媒体对灾害志愿服务的影响:来自哈维飓风的证据

IF 0.7 4区 管理学 Q4 PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Fatih Demiroz, Esra Akbas
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引用次数: 5

摘要

应急志愿者群体在灾害中发挥着重要作用。关于志愿团体在灾害中的作用和灾害志愿服务的文献非常丰富。然而,在过去十年中,社交媒体平台的迅速扩散对人类生活产生了重大影响,灾难志愿服务也不例外。本文认为,有必要了解社交媒体对灾害志愿服务的影响。本文以哈维为例,分析了飓风期间创建的74个Facebook群组。本文将网络志愿者群体的出现、寿命、结构和功能与社交媒体出现之前的志愿者群体进行了比较。研究结果显示了网络群体和文献中提到的群体之间的重要区别。首先,在线群体更容易被观察和分析,因为他们留下了数字痕迹。根据人们的需要,在线群组出现在灾难的不同阶段(响应、早期恢复)。它们的结构可以具有与文献中提到的群体结构特征相反的层次元素。最后,在线群组主要作为信息共享中心;然而,它们也执行各种各样的功能,其中一些需要特别注意。文章对今后的研究提出了建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Impact of Social Media on Disaster Volunteerism: Evidence from Hurricane Harvey
Abstract Emergent volunteer groups play a significant role during disasters. There is a rich literature on the role of volunteer groups in disasters and disaster volunteerism. However, the rapid proliferation of social media platforms in the last decade made a significant impact on human lives, and disaster volunteerism is no exception. This article argues that there is a need for understanding social media’s impact on disaster volunteerism. Using Harvey as a case, this article analyzes 74 Facebook groups that were created during the storm. The article compares the emergence and lifespan, structure, and function of online volunteer groups to those of volunteer groups before social media. Findings show important distinctions between online groups and those mentioned in the literature. First, online groups are easier to observe and analyze because of the digital traces they leave. Online groups emerge in different phases of disaster (response, early recovery) depending on people’s needs. Their structure can possess elements of hierarchy as opposed to structural characteristics of groups mentioned in the literature. Finally, online groups mostly function as information sharing hubs; however, they also carry out a wide variety of functions, some of which request special attention. The article makes suggestions for future research.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.80
自引率
12.50%
发文量
11
期刊介绍: The Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management publishes original, innovative, and timely articles describing research or practice in the fields of homeland security and emergency management. JHSEM publishes not only peer-reviewed articles, but also news and communiqués from researchers and practitioners, and book/media reviews. Content comes from a broad array of authors representing many professions, including emergency management, engineering, political science and policy, decision science, and health and medicine, as well as from emergency management and homeland security practitioners.
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