俄罗斯联邦空间发展政策中的科技优先事项

Q4 Social Sciences

Perspectives on Federalism Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI:10.21686/2073-1051-2022-4-5-20

О. Kuznetsova

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引用次数: 1

摘要

在俄罗斯经济发展的现代条件下，需要激活和提高科学和技术政策的效力，除其他外，需要确定这种政策的空间优先次序。建议根据下述要求对联邦科技政策的空间组成部分进行评估:尽可能广泛地覆盖具有联邦支持科技发展潜力的地区、对这种潜力进行评估的正确性、建立完善的支持工具系统的存在以及高等教育与科技发展需求的一致性。报告显示，这些领域都存在未解决的问题，包括与官方统计的缺陷有关的问题(没有关于相当于充分就业的研究人员的实际人数的资料，没有关于大学生结构的资料)，以及支持领土科学和技术发展的措施不统一(技术经济特区、科学城市、高技术领域的技术园区、国家科学、创新的科学技术和科学教育中心)，在某些情况下，这些措施的阐述不足。因此，联邦政府支持科技发展的地理位置是自发发展的，这种政策的空间优先级没有明确，联邦和国家研究型大学的位置并不总是与研究中心的位置相对应。本文提出了解决这些问题的途径，包括制定科技发展的空间战略，并将其纳入国家空间发展的新战略。

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Scientific and Technological Priorities in the Federal Spatial Development Policy in Russia

The need to activate and increase the effectiveness of science and technology policy in the modern conditions of the development of the Russian economy requires, among other things, the definition of spatial priorities of such a policy. It is proposed to assess the spatial component in the federal science and technology policy according to its compliance with such requirements as the widest possible coverage of territories with potential for scientific and technological development by federal support, the correctness of the assessment of such potential, the presence of a well-built system of support tools and compliance of higher education with the needs of scientific and technological development. It is shown that there are unresolved problems in each of these areas, including those related to the shortcomings of official statistics (there is no information on the actual number of researchers in the equivalent of full employment, on the structure of university students), with the disunity of measures to support scientific and technological development of territories (technological special economic zones, science cities, techno-parks in the field of high technologies, state scientific, innovative scientific-technological and scientific-educational centers), in some cases, insufficient elaboration of such measures. As a result, the geography of federal support for scientific and technological development develops spontaneously, spatial priorities of such a policy are not defined, the location of federal and national research universities does not always correspond to the location of research centers. The article suggests ways to solve these problems, including the development of a spatial strategy for scientific and technological development and embedding it into a new strategy for the spatial development of the country.

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来源期刊

Perspectives on Federalism

CiteScore

0.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

5 weeks

期刊介绍： Perspectives on Federalism is an Open Access peer-reviewed journal, promoted by the Centre for Studies on Federalism. This initiative follows the Bibliographical Bulletin on Federalism’s success, with an average of 15000 individual visits a month. Perspectives on Federalism aims at becoming a leading journal on the subject, and an open forum for interdisciplinary debate about federalism at all levels of government: sub-national, national, and supra-national at both regional and global levels. Perspectives on Federalism is divided into three sections. Along with essays and review articles, which are common to all academic journal, it will also publish very short notes to provide information and updated comments about political, economic and legal issues in federal states, regional organizations, and international organizations at global level, whenever they are relevant to scholars of federalism. We hope scholars from around the world will contribute to this initiative, and we have provided a simple and immediate way to submit an essay, a review article or a note. Perspectives on Federalism will publish original contributions from different disciplinary viewpoints as the subject of federalism requires. Papers submitted will undergo a process of double blind review before eventually being accepted for publication.