磷肥和粪肥对肯尼亚西南部玉米产量的影响

J. Ademba, J. Kwach, A. Esilaba, S. Ngari
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引用次数: 28

摘要

在肯尼亚尼扬扎省,磷、氮和绿僵菌是制约玉米生产的主要因素。在尼扬扎省的农场进行了田间试验,以调查磷肥和粪肥对玉米产量的影响。试验设计采用随机完全区组设计(RCBD),试验作物为玉米。玉米追施硝铵钙(CAN)肥,均匀施氮30 kg/ hm2磷酸二铵(DAP)、民金谷磷矿(MRP)和三超磷(TSP)肥,P2O5按60 kg/ hm2施用,农家肥(FYM)按10 t/ hm2施用,无磷(P)处理(对照)加石灰。籽粒产量、全干物质产量和收获指数对磷肥和有机肥处理的响应均达到(P≤0.01)。施肥和有机肥增加了作物对养分的吸收和清除(P≤0.01)。磷肥和有机肥增加了土壤速效磷、农艺磷利用效率(APUE)和生理磷利用效率(PPUE) (P≤0.01)。结果表明,磷肥和有机肥的施用对提高玉米产量和养分磷利用效率至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Effects of Phosphate Fertilizers and Manure on Maize Yields in South Western Kenya
ABSTRACT Phosphorus, nitrogen and Striga hermonthica are the major constraints to maize production in the Nyanza Province of Kenya. Field trials were conducted on-farm in Nyanza Province to investigate the effects of phosphate fertilizers and manure on maize yields. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with maize as the test crop. The maize was top dressed with calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) fertilizer at a uniform rate of 30 kg N/ha diammonium phosphate (DAP), Minjingu rock phosphate (MRP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) fertilizers were applied at 60 kg/ha P2O5, farmyard manure (FYM) at 10 t/ha and a non-phosphorus (P) treatment (control) plus lime only. Responses (P ≤ 0.01) from grain yield, total dry matter yield and harvest index to phosphate fertilizers and manure treatments were found. Nutrient uptake and removal by the crop increased (P ≤ 0.01) due to fertilizers and manure application. Phosphate fertilizers and manure application increased (P ≤ 0.01)) available soil P, agronomic phosphorus use efficiency (APUE) and Physiological P use efficiency (PPUE). The results indicate that phosphate fertilizers and manure applications are essential to improve maize yield and nutrient P use efficiency.
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