军事飞行员干眼综合征患病率调查及危险因素分析

中华航空航天医学杂志 Pub Date : 2018-03-15 DOI:10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1007-6239.2018.01.010

Yanhong Liu, J. Gu

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的调查分析军队飞行员干眼综合征患病率及危险因素，为提高航空医疗保障水平提供参考。方法采用横断面研究方法，对846名军队飞行员进行问卷调查，取得共识。采用裂隙灯、破裂时间(BUT)、Schirmer I试验(SIT)、角膜荧光素染色(FL)、跗骨腺功能等检查诊断疑似干眼综合征。按飞机类型(战斗机、直升机、运输机、轰炸机)、飞行时间(2 000 h)、是否长期使用抗生素滴眼液、是否使用电脑或智能手机的时间≥4 h/d进行分组。比较各组干眼综合征的患病率。结果共回收问卷846份，有效问卷843份。可用率为99.65%。干眼综合征患病率为8.07%。常见的自吐症状为皮肤干燥(80.88%)、异物感(41.18%)、视疲劳(36.76%)、视力波动(22.06%)、红眼(14.71%)。不同机型组间比较，差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.16, P>0.05)。不同飞行时数组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=49.85, p2000 h飞行时数组明显高于其他两个飞行时数组。长期使用抗生素滴眼液的飞行员患病率明显高于未长期使用抗生素滴眼液的飞行员(χ2=20.68, P<0.01)。使用电脑或智能手机时间超过4 h/d的飞行员患病率显著高于其他人群(χ2=18.33, P<0.01)。结论军事飞行员干眼综合征患病率随飞行时间的增加而增加。眼睛干涩是主要症状。长时间使用电脑或智能手机是导致军事飞行员患上干眼症的主要危险因素之一。关键词:干眼综合征;风险因素;问卷调查;军事飞行员

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Investigation on the prevalence of dry eye syndrome in military pilots and risk factors analysis

Objective To investigate and analyze the prevalence of dry eye syndrome and risk factors in military pilots in order to provide references for improving aeromedical supports. Methods Cross-sectional study was applied on conducting questionnaire survey as consensus obtained from 846 military pilots. The suspected dry eye syndrome cases were diagnosed by the tests of slit lamp, break-up time (BUT), Schirmer I test (SIT), corneal fluorescein staining (FL) and tarsal glands function. The pilots were grouped by aircraft type (fighter, helicopter, transporter and bomber), by flying hours ( 2 000 h), by if the long-term usage of antibiotic eye drops and by if the play time of computer or smart phone ≥4 h/d. The prevalence of dry eye syndrome was compared among groups. Results Eight hundred and forty-three valid questionnaires out of 846 were collected. The available ratio was 99.65%. The prevalence of the dry eye syndrome was 8.07%. The common self-repoiled symptoms were dryness (80.88%), foreign body sensation (41.18%), visual fatigue (36.76%), visual acuity fluctuation (22.06%) and red eyes (14.71%). The comparisons among different aircraft type groups showed no statistical significance(χ2=3.16, P>0.05). The comparisons among different flying hours groups were statistically significant (χ2=49.85, P 2 000 h flying hours group was much higher than that in other two flying hours groups. The pilots with antibiotic eye drops for long time had significantly higher prevalence than those without the long-term usage (χ2=20.68, P<0.01). The pilots using computer or smart phone longer than 4 h/d showed significantly higher prevalence (χ2=18.33, P<0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of dry eye syndrome in military pilots increases with flying hours. Eye dryness is the main symptom. Using computer or smart phone for long time is one of the major risk factors that could lead to the dry eye syndrome in military pilots. Key words: Dry eye syndromes; Risk factors; Questionnaires; Military pilots

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中华航空航天医学杂志航空航天医学

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期刊介绍： The aim of Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine is to combine theory and practice, improve and popularize, actively advocate a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, advocate seeking truth from facts, promote the development of the related disciplines of aerospace medicine and human efficiency, and promote the exchange and penetration of aerospace medicine and human efficiency with other biomedical and engineering specialties. Topics of interest for Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine include: -The content of the journal belongs to the discipline of special medicine and military medicine, with the characteristics of multidisciplinary synthesis and cross-penetration, and mainly reflected in the aerospace industry, aerospace flight safety and efficiency, as well as the synthesis of special medicine, preventive medicine, environmental medicine, psychology, etc. -Military aeromedicine (Air Force, Navy and Army aeromedicine) and civil aeromedicine, with a balance of aerospace medicine are the strengths of the journal. -The change in aerospace medicine from a focus on promoting physiological compensatory adaptations to enhancing human performance under extreme environmental conditions is what the journal is helping to promote. -The expansion of manuscripts in high altitude medicine is also a special emphasis of the journal.