Review of Alloy Containing Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles on X-Ray Absorption in Radiology Shields

Background: Managing potential risks that can threaten the health of medical staff including risks associated with treatment tools and equipment has always played an important role in the healthcare systems. This study aimed to investigate the documentation on the effect of nanoparticle shields on the absorption of hazardous radiation in radiology, and specifically alloy containing bismuth oxide )Bi2O3) nanoparticles. Materials and Methods: Several databases including ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Magiran were searched to collect the required documents. The articles were selected based on the year of publication and their relationship with the subject and objectives. Results: Studies confirm the effectiveness of bismuth oxide nanoparticles in order to protect against radiation in different types of radiological shields. These findings show the relationship between different parameters of nanoparticles and their effect on radiation absorption, such as the size of nanoparticles, used kilovoltage peak )kVp), thickness of shields, density of nanoparticles, as well as different methods of using these particles in different types of radiological shields. Conclusion: Bismuth oxide nanoparticles have a significant effect on the absorption of X-rays in radiology. Using these particles results in lighter shields with lower cost and lead content. In particular, bismuth oxide nanoparticles are very efficient at absorbing radiation and reducing the cost of production for shields.