{"title":"1968年巴西和墨西哥的学生运动:他们需求的比较分析","authors":"Andrés Donoso Romo","doi":"10.19053/20275137.n21.2020.10181","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn el articulo se contrastan las demandas de dos de los principales movimientos estudiantiles que conociera America Latina durante el tercer cuarto del siglo XX, los de Brasil y Mexico en 1968. Tarea original en la medida que las investigaciones en este campo han tendido a enfocarse solo en un movimiento y, ademas, han priorizado el examen de la que fuera su dimension mas dramatica: la politica. Eso significa que aqui no solo se abordan ambos movimientos simultaneamente, tambien se estudian de manera integrada sus planos politicos y educacionales. Para llevar adelante esta tarea se desplego una metodologia historica que contemplo la revision de las principales fuentes tanto primarias como secundarias. Este ejercicio permitio apreciar que estos movimientos efectivamente fueron enjambres de protestas contra el autoritarismo, pero tambien permitira observar que fueron tanto espacios de defensa de la autonomia universitaria como de promocion de una universidad mas involucrada con los problemas sociales. francaisCet article se propose de contraster les demandes des principaux mouvements etudiants en Amerique latine dans les annees 60, a savoir ceux de Bresil et du Mexique. Il est important de remarquer qu’il s’agit la d’une approche originelle puisque ces mouvements sont etudies ordinairement separement et en privilegiant leur dimension politique. En ce sens, on propose d’etudier ces mouvements simultanement et en integrant l’aspect politique et l’aspect educatif. La consultation des sources permet d’apprecier que ces mouvements etudiants se sont mobilises contre l’autoritarisme, mais il s’avere egalement important de noter qu’ils pretendaient defendre l’autonomie universitaire en tant qu’espace de promotion d’une universite plus engage dans les problemes sociaux. EnglishThis article contrasts the demands of two of the main student movements known in Latin America during the third quarter of the 20th century, those of Brazil and Mexico in 1968. This is an original task in that the investigations in this field have mainly focused only on one movement and, in addition, have prioritized the analysis of what was their most dramatic dimension: politics. This means that here, not only are both movements addressed, but also their political and educational aspects are studied in an integrated manner. In order to carry out this task, a historical methodology was employed which included a review of the main primary and secondary sources. This exercise concluded that these movements effectively constituted groups of protests against authoritarianism as well as spaces for the defense of university autonomy and the promotion of a university that was more involved in social issues.","PeriodicalId":41990,"journal":{"name":"Historia y Memoria","volume":"53 1","pages":"269-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2000,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Movimientos estudiantiles de Brasil y México en 1968: análisis comparativo de sus demandas\",\"authors\":\"Andrés Donoso Romo\",\"doi\":\"10.19053/20275137.n21.2020.10181\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"espanolEn el articulo se contrastan las demandas de dos de los principales movimientos estudiantiles que conociera America Latina durante el tercer cuarto del siglo XX, los de Brasil y Mexico en 1968. Tarea original en la medida que las investigaciones en este campo han tendido a enfocarse solo en un movimiento y, ademas, han priorizado el examen de la que fuera su dimension mas dramatica: la politica. Eso significa que aqui no solo se abordan ambos movimientos simultaneamente, tambien se estudian de manera integrada sus planos politicos y educacionales. Para llevar adelante esta tarea se desplego una metodologia historica que contemplo la revision de las principales fuentes tanto primarias como secundarias. Este ejercicio permitio apreciar que estos movimientos efectivamente fueron enjambres de protestas contra el autoritarismo, pero tambien permitira observar que fueron tanto espacios de defensa de la autonomia universitaria como de promocion de una universidad mas involucrada con los problemas sociales. francaisCet article se propose de contraster les demandes des principaux mouvements etudiants en Amerique latine dans les annees 60, a savoir ceux de Bresil et du Mexique. Il est important de remarquer qu’il s’agit la d’une approche originelle puisque ces mouvements sont etudies ordinairement separement et en privilegiant leur dimension politique. En ce sens, on propose d’etudier ces mouvements simultanement et en integrant l’aspect politique et l’aspect educatif. La consultation des sources permet d’apprecier que ces mouvements etudiants se sont mobilises contre l’autoritarisme, mais il s’avere egalement important de noter qu’ils pretendaient defendre l’autonomie universitaire en tant qu’espace de promotion d’une universite plus engage dans les problemes sociaux. EnglishThis article contrasts the demands of two of the main student movements known in Latin America during the third quarter of the 20th century, those of Brazil and Mexico in 1968. This is an original task in that the investigations in this field have mainly focused only on one movement and, in addition, have prioritized the analysis of what was their most dramatic dimension: politics. This means that here, not only are both movements addressed, but also their political and educational aspects are studied in an integrated manner. In order to carry out this task, a historical methodology was employed which included a review of the main primary and secondary sources. This exercise concluded that these movements effectively constituted groups of protests against authoritarianism as well as spaces for the defense of university autonomy and the promotion of a university that was more involved in social issues.\",\"PeriodicalId\":41990,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Historia y Memoria\",\"volume\":\"53 1\",\"pages\":\"269-298\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-07-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"2\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Historia y Memoria\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.19053/20275137.n21.2020.10181\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"HISTORY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Historia y Memoria","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.19053/20275137.n21.2020.10181","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"HISTORY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Movimientos estudiantiles de Brasil y México en 1968: análisis comparativo de sus demandas
espanolEn el articulo se contrastan las demandas de dos de los principales movimientos estudiantiles que conociera America Latina durante el tercer cuarto del siglo XX, los de Brasil y Mexico en 1968. Tarea original en la medida que las investigaciones en este campo han tendido a enfocarse solo en un movimiento y, ademas, han priorizado el examen de la que fuera su dimension mas dramatica: la politica. Eso significa que aqui no solo se abordan ambos movimientos simultaneamente, tambien se estudian de manera integrada sus planos politicos y educacionales. Para llevar adelante esta tarea se desplego una metodologia historica que contemplo la revision de las principales fuentes tanto primarias como secundarias. Este ejercicio permitio apreciar que estos movimientos efectivamente fueron enjambres de protestas contra el autoritarismo, pero tambien permitira observar que fueron tanto espacios de defensa de la autonomia universitaria como de promocion de una universidad mas involucrada con los problemas sociales. francaisCet article se propose de contraster les demandes des principaux mouvements etudiants en Amerique latine dans les annees 60, a savoir ceux de Bresil et du Mexique. Il est important de remarquer qu’il s’agit la d’une approche originelle puisque ces mouvements sont etudies ordinairement separement et en privilegiant leur dimension politique. En ce sens, on propose d’etudier ces mouvements simultanement et en integrant l’aspect politique et l’aspect educatif. La consultation des sources permet d’apprecier que ces mouvements etudiants se sont mobilises contre l’autoritarisme, mais il s’avere egalement important de noter qu’ils pretendaient defendre l’autonomie universitaire en tant qu’espace de promotion d’une universite plus engage dans les problemes sociaux. EnglishThis article contrasts the demands of two of the main student movements known in Latin America during the third quarter of the 20th century, those of Brazil and Mexico in 1968. This is an original task in that the investigations in this field have mainly focused only on one movement and, in addition, have prioritized the analysis of what was their most dramatic dimension: politics. This means that here, not only are both movements addressed, but also their political and educational aspects are studied in an integrated manner. In order to carry out this task, a historical methodology was employed which included a review of the main primary and secondary sources. This exercise concluded that these movements effectively constituted groups of protests against authoritarianism as well as spaces for the defense of university autonomy and the promotion of a university that was more involved in social issues.
期刊介绍:
History refers to the permanent dialogue between past and present, change and permanence, duration and event, linear and cyclical, diachronic and synchronic. It refers to a system of thought that gives an account of society in time. Memory, on the other hand is one of the fields that configure our recent past, constituted by a convergence of practices, social representations, collective imagination, and ways in which the population identifies itself in a context. The purpose of Historia Y MEMORIA journal is to disseminate unpublished research-based essays and articles in any historiographical field.