1968年巴西和墨西哥的学生运动:他们需求的比较分析

IF 0.2 Q2 HISTORY
Andrés Donoso Romo
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Este ejercicio permitio apreciar que estos movimientos efectivamente fueron enjambres de protestas contra el autoritarismo, pero tambien permitira observar que fueron tanto espacios de defensa de la autonomia universitaria como de promocion de una universidad mas involucrada con los problemas sociales. francaisCet article se propose de contraster les demandes des principaux mouvements etudiants en Amerique latine dans les annees 60, a savoir ceux de Bresil et du Mexique. Il est important de remarquer qu’il s’agit la d’une approche originelle puisque ces mouvements sont etudies ordinairement separement et en privilegiant leur dimension politique. En ce sens, on propose d’etudier ces mouvements simultanement et en integrant l’aspect politique et l’aspect educatif. La consultation des sources permet d’apprecier que ces mouvements etudiants se sont mobilises contre l’autoritarisme, mais il s’avere egalement important de noter qu’ils pretendaient defendre l’autonomie universitaire en tant qu’espace de promotion d’une universite plus engage dans les problemes sociaux. EnglishThis article contrasts the demands of two of the main student movements known in Latin America during the third quarter of the 20th century, those of Brazil and Mexico in 1968. This is an original task in that the investigations in this field have mainly focused only on one movement and, in addition, have prioritized the analysis of what was their most dramatic dimension: politics. This means that here, not only are both movements addressed, but also their political and educational aspects are studied in an integrated manner. In order to carry out this task, a historical methodology was employed which included a review of the main primary and secondary sources. 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引用次数: 2

摘要

这篇文章对比了拉丁美洲在20世纪第三个25年的两个主要学生运动的要求,1968年的巴西和墨西哥。这是一项新颖的任务,因为这一领域的研究倾向于只关注一个运动,而且优先考虑其最具戏剧性的方面:政治。这意味着不仅要同时处理这两个运动,而且要综合研究它们的政治和教育计划。为了完成这一任务,我们发展了一种历史方法论,包括对主要的主要和次要资料的修订。在这篇文章中,我们分析了这些运动,这些运动实际上是一群反对独裁主义的抗议活动,但我们也可以观察到,它们是捍卫大学自治的空间,也是促进大学更多地参与社会问题的空间。本文旨在对比20世纪60年代拉丁美洲主要学生运动的需求,即巴西和墨西哥的需求。值得注意的是,这是一种新颖的方法,因为这些运动通常是分开研究的,并优先考虑其政治层面。在这个意义上,我们建议同时研究这些运动,并将政治方面和教育方面结合起来。通过查阅资料来源,我们可以看到这些学生运动动员起来反对威权主义,但同样重要的是要注意到,他们希望捍卫大学自主权,将其作为促进大学参与社会问题的空间。这篇文章对比了20世纪第三季度拉丁美洲已知的两个主要学生运动的需求,即1968年的巴西和墨西哥。这是一项新颖的任务,因为这一领域的调查主要集中在一项运动上,而且优先分析其最引人注目的方面:政治。这意味着这里不仅处理了这两个运动,而且还以综合的方式研究了它们的政治和教育方面。为了完成这项任务,采用了一种历史方法,其中包括对主要的一次要资料的审查。这项工作的结论是,这些运动有效地组成了反对独裁主义的抗议团体,并为捍卫大学自治和促进更多地参与社会问题的大学提供了空间。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Movimientos estudiantiles de Brasil y México en 1968: análisis comparativo de sus demandas
espanolEn el articulo se contrastan las demandas de dos de los principales movimientos estudiantiles que conociera America Latina durante el tercer cuarto del siglo XX, los de Brasil y Mexico en 1968. Tarea original en la medida que las investigaciones en este campo han tendido a enfocarse solo en un movimiento y, ademas, han priorizado el examen de la que fuera su dimension mas dramatica: la politica. Eso significa que aqui no solo se abordan ambos movimientos simultaneamente, tambien se estudian de manera integrada sus planos politicos y educacionales. Para llevar adelante esta tarea se desplego una metodologia historica que contemplo la revision de las principales fuentes tanto primarias como secundarias. Este ejercicio permitio apreciar que estos movimientos efectivamente fueron enjambres de protestas contra el autoritarismo, pero tambien permitira observar que fueron tanto espacios de defensa de la autonomia universitaria como de promocion de una universidad mas involucrada con los problemas sociales. francaisCet article se propose de contraster les demandes des principaux mouvements etudiants en Amerique latine dans les annees 60, a savoir ceux de Bresil et du Mexique. Il est important de remarquer qu’il s’agit la d’une approche originelle puisque ces mouvements sont etudies ordinairement separement et en privilegiant leur dimension politique. En ce sens, on propose d’etudier ces mouvements simultanement et en integrant l’aspect politique et l’aspect educatif. La consultation des sources permet d’apprecier que ces mouvements etudiants se sont mobilises contre l’autoritarisme, mais il s’avere egalement important de noter qu’ils pretendaient defendre l’autonomie universitaire en tant qu’espace de promotion d’une universite plus engage dans les problemes sociaux. EnglishThis article contrasts the demands of two of the main student movements known in Latin America during the third quarter of the 20th century, those of Brazil and Mexico in 1968. This is an original task in that the investigations in this field have mainly focused only on one movement and, in addition, have prioritized the analysis of what was their most dramatic dimension: politics. This means that here, not only are both movements addressed, but also their political and educational aspects are studied in an integrated manner. In order to carry out this task, a historical methodology was employed which included a review of the main primary and secondary sources. This exercise concluded that these movements effectively constituted groups of protests against authoritarianism as well as spaces for the defense of university autonomy and the promotion of a university that was more involved in social issues.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
14
期刊介绍: History refers to the permanent dialogue between past and present, change and permanence, duration and event, linear and cyclical, diachronic and synchronic. It refers to a system of thought that gives an account of society in time. Memory, on the other hand is one of the fields that configure our recent past, constituted by a convergence of practices, social representations, collective imagination, and ways in which the population identifies itself in a context. The purpose of Historia Y MEMORIA journal is to disseminate unpublished research-based essays and articles in any historiographical field.
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