每日正义:对犹太流离失所者的法律援助,德国,1945-1950

IF 0.4 3区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY
Rivka Brot
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要:美国犹太人联合分配委员会(JDC)是一个犹太福利组织,福利工作者志愿为聚集在德国占领区流离失所者(DP)营地的大屠杀幸存者提供关键的法律援助;然而,今天他们的故事基本上被遗忘了。他们的法律援助项目体现了社会工作与法律的独特关系。JDC的救援人员在难民营中目睹了许多不公正现象,因此培养了一种法律意识,这使他们能够识别救援项目提供的基本支持与流离失所者的实际需求之间的差距。基于这种意识,他们逐渐制定了一项法律福利计划,帮助犹太人与美国人和德国人的日常交往,为他们提供法律指导和教育,并在冲突发生时保护他们。这些JDC志愿者受到道德责任感和对犹太流离失所者的同情的鼓舞,他们被迫生活在一个陌生的、经常充满敌意的环境中。值得注意的是,这个故事在大屠杀研究中基本上被忽视了,尽管档案中有数百份JDC福利工作者的报告,以及Oskar Mintzer的论文,他是JDC法律援助项目创建的关键人物。联发委员会站在一场前所未有的人道主义危机的最前线,其工作的这一方面是在制定更全面的难民援助和支助办法方面一个被遗忘的里程碑。这项研究为进一步研究提供了一个起点,以便更好地了解21世纪对寻求庇护者、流离失所者和难民的人道主义援助。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Everyday Justice: Legal Aid for Jewish Displaced Persons, Germany, 1945–1950
Abstract:Welfare workers volunteering with the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC), a Jewish welfare organization, delivered crucial legal assistance to Holocaust survivors gathered in displaced persons (DP) camps in the American Zone of occupied Germany; however, today their story is largely forgotten. Their legal aid program embodied a unique relationship between social work and law. JDC relief workers developed a legal consciousness in response to the many injustices they witnessed in the DP camps, which allowed them to identify the gap between the basic support provided by relief programs, and the actual needs of the DPs. From this awareness they gradually developed a program of legal welfare, assisted Jews in their daily interactions with Americans and Germans, provided them with legal instruction and education, and protected them when conflicts arose. These JDC volunteers were fueled by a sense of moral responsibility and compassion for the Jewish DPs, who were forced to live in a foreign and often hostile environment. Remarkably, this story has largely been neglected in Holocaust scholarship, though the archives have yielded hundreds of reports by JDC welfare workers, as well as the papers of Oskar Mintzer, a key figure in the creation of the JDC's legal aid program. The JDC was at the forefront of an unprecedented humanitarian crisis, and this aspect of its work represents a forgotten milestone in the development of a more holistic approach to refugee assistance and support. This study offers a starting point for further research in order to better understand humanitarian aid for asylum seekers, DPs, and refugees in the twenty-first century.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
33.30%
发文量
63
期刊介绍: The major forum for scholarship on the Holocaust and other genocides, Holocaust and Genocide Studies is an international journal featuring research articles, interpretive essays, and book reviews in the social sciences and humanities. It is the principal publication to address the issue of how insights into the Holocaust apply to other genocides. Articles compel readers to confront many aspects of human behavior, to contemplate major moral issues, to consider the role of science and technology in human affairs, and to reconsider significant political and social factors.
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