Exploration of Antibacterial and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Premna integrifolia Plant Extracts in Bubaline Mastitis

Mastitis in dairy animals is inflammatory reaction of the udder tissue against the invading microbial pathogens. Bacterial pathogens are majorly implicated in the mastitis of cows and buffaloes leading to major production losses in dairy animals resulting in huge economic losses to dairy farmers and industry [1]. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are the major bacterial pathogens of bovine/bubaline mastitis [2]. However, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens that cause mastitis in dairy animals is a cause of grave concern [3-5]. Also controlling the inflammation in mastitis is very essential as the persistent inflammation of mammary gland tissue may result in permanent unproductivity in dairy animals [6-7]. Mastitis is the most frequent reason for the use of antimicrobial drugs in dairy herds, which eventually has resulted in antimicrobial resistance [8].