Progress in the Study of Esophageal Cancer-Related Genes and Their Therapeutic Modalities

Esophageal cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor of the digestive tract that has a high mortality rate, posing a severe threat to human life. The development of esophageal cancer is the result of multiple factors, and the process of carcinogenesis is accompanied by abnormal expression of several genes. Mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes result in changes in their expression and activity, playing a crucial role in the occurrence, development, pathological staging, and prognosis of esophageal cancer. This paper aims to review and study recent research on esophageal cancer, including basic information, related genes, and treatment modalities, in order to explore new ideas and research bases for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer.