航空应急地面模拟与有效性评估

中华航空航天医学杂志 Pub Date : 2017-06-15 DOI:10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1007-6239.2017.02.005

Mengjun Tang, Wendong Hu, Jin Ma, Shan Cheng

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的通过地面航空应急模拟中踏板和反应任务的性能验证模拟效果，并通过心率变异性(HRV)评价被试的心理应激反应。方法27名男性受试者分别参与反应任务、踏板任务和综合任务。在踏板任务中，被试在踏板上施加力并反馈力指示，并记录力曲线。被试被要求在规定时间内(1秒)对反应任务的彩光进行反应。在受试者手腕处施加安全级电流刺激，以防出现错误反应或反应时间延长。综合任务是踏板任务和反应任务的综合。在任务前和任务中记录任务前基线的心电信号。计算了反应速率、反应精度和踏板任务性能。结果被试在综合任务中的反应速度快于反应任务(t=5.16, P<0.05)，而准确度低于反应任务(t=1.97, P<0.05)。踏板力在综合任务中的表现最低(t=2.43, P<0.05)。被试在前任务、踏板任务和综合任务中心率差异有统计学意义(F=42.33, P<0.05)。人力资源在前任务中最低，在综合任务中最高。NN区间的标准差、NN区间连续差的均方根在3个任务中的分布不同(χ2=25.85、38.00,P<0.05)。任务间高频功率、低频归一化单元、高频归一化单元差异有统计学意义(χ2=19.18、26.96、24.00,P<0.05)。神经网络区间的标准差和连续差的均方根在前任务中最高，在综合任务中最低。结论综合任务带来了被试行为的改变。HRV指数验证了综合任务中被试心理压力的升高，地面模拟的航空应急会在一定程度上诱发被试的恐惧情绪。关键词:热速率;心理压力;工作负载;评价研究

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Aviation emergency simulation on ground and the effectiveness assessment

Objective To verify the simulation effect by the performance of pedal and reaction tasks in aviation emergency simulation on ground and to evaluate the subjects’ psychological stress response by heart rate variability (HRV). Methods Twenty-seven male subjects participated in the reaction task, the pedal task and the comprehensive tasks. In pedal task, subjects applied force on pedals with the feedback of force indication and the force curves were recorded. Subjects were asked to respond colored lights of reaction task in defined time (1 s) in reaction task. A safe-level current stimulus was applied on subject’s wrist in case of wrong or prolonged response happened. Comprehensive task was the integration of pedal and reaction tasks. ECG signals were recorded at pre-task baselines before the task and in the tasks. The reaction rate, reaction accuracy and the performance of pedal task were all calculated. Results The subjects′ reaction rate in the comprehensive tasks was faster than that in the reaction task (t=5.16, P<0.05), while the accuracy was lower than that in the reaction task (t=1.97, P<0.05). The performance of pedal force in the comprehensive task was the lowest (t=2.43, P<0.05). Subjects′ heart rate was significantly different among the pre-task, pedal task and comprehensive task (F=42.33, P<0.05). HR was the lowest in the pre-task and the highest in comprehensive task. Standard deviation of the NN intervals, root mean square of successive difference of the NN intervals had different distribution in 3 tasks (χ2=25.85, 38.00, P<0.05). The high frequency power, low frequency normalized unit and high frequency normalized unit showed significantly different among tasks (χ2=19.18, 26.96, 24.00, P<0.05). Standard deviation of the NN intervals, root mean square of successive difference of the NN intervals was the highest in pre-task and the lowest in comprehensive task. Conclusions The comprehensive task brings changes on the behavioristics of subjects. The HRV index verifies the raising of subjects′ psychological stress in comprehensive task, and the aviation emergency that simulated on ground would induce subjects′ fear mood to a certain extent. Key words: Heat rate; Stress, psychological; Workload; Evaluation studies

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来源期刊

中华航空航天医学杂志航空航天医学

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2962

期刊介绍： The aim of Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine is to combine theory and practice, improve and popularize, actively advocate a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, advocate seeking truth from facts, promote the development of the related disciplines of aerospace medicine and human efficiency, and promote the exchange and penetration of aerospace medicine and human efficiency with other biomedical and engineering specialties. Topics of interest for Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine include: -The content of the journal belongs to the discipline of special medicine and military medicine, with the characteristics of multidisciplinary synthesis and cross-penetration, and mainly reflected in the aerospace industry, aerospace flight safety and efficiency, as well as the synthesis of special medicine, preventive medicine, environmental medicine, psychology, etc. -Military aeromedicine (Air Force, Navy and Army aeromedicine) and civil aeromedicine, with a balance of aerospace medicine are the strengths of the journal. -The change in aerospace medicine from a focus on promoting physiological compensatory adaptations to enhancing human performance under extreme environmental conditions is what the journal is helping to promote. -The expansion of manuscripts in high altitude medicine is also a special emphasis of the journal.