Detection of Urinary schistosomiasis, the associated risk factors, and its impact on blood parameters among Almajiris in two selected rural communities of Kaduna State

This study aimed to detect the presence of urinary schistosomiasis, the associated risk factors and its impact on blood parameters among Almajiris in two selected rural communities of Kaduna State. Urine samples were collected from 193 Almajiri subjects and processed by sedimentation method and examined under the microscope. Blood samples were also collected from the subjects and processed using SWELAB auto analyser for full blood count. A well-structured knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) questionnaire was administered to the subjects and used to obtain demographic and other associated risk factors. The overall prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis in the 2 study areas was 16.1%. Bomo recorded 17.5% while Rafin Guza recorded 22.9% prevalence respectively. Subjects in the age-group 11-16 years had a higher prevalence of 33% (p<0.05). Among the risk’s factors assessed, subjects that visit the stream for swimming and used well water recorded a higher prevalence of (33.7%) and (17.2%) respectively (p<0.05). Awareness about the disease revealed higher prevalence (p<0.05). Prevalence of the infection among the subjects was also found to be significantly associated with White blood cell (WBC) count, Lymphocyte and monocyte count (p<0.05). The present study identified the study areas to represent moderate–risk community for urinary schistosomiasis. The study advocates the use of mass treatment with Praziquantel to help in reducing the infection level and help to control transmission of the disease. Keyword: Urinary schistosomiasis, risk factors, haematological parameters