16S核糖体RNA基因宏基因组学研究进展

Asmita Kamble, S. Sawant, Harinder Singh
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引用次数: 5

摘要

随着现代分子工具的出现,传统的微生物分离、富集技术和方法发生了很大的变化。聚合酶链反应、克隆和测序等分子技术表明,生态系统中微生物多样性的主要百分比仍然是“不可培养的”或“尚未培养的”,原因是缺乏有关其生物学的信息,有限的选择介质和可以支持其生长的培养条件。识别和了解它们已成为微生物学研究的重要目标。微生物生态系统的生态、环境和功能含义可以通过了解其微生物组成和相互作用来破译。全细胞和靶向基因宏基因组学在实现这一目标方面发挥着关键作用。本文综述了16S核糖体RNA (16S rRNA)基因宏基因组学方法在确定特定微生物生态系统组成方面的主要应用。不同的系统、过程和分析工具可用于执行16S rRNA宏基因组学;然而,很少有人担心需要更多的调查来获得这些技术的最大好处。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
16S ribosomal RNA gene-based metagenomics: A review
With the advent of contemporary molecular tools, the conventional microbiological isolation, enrichment techniques, and approaches have changed considerably. Molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction, cloning, and sequencing have shown that the major percentage of microbial diversity in an ecosystem remain “unculturable” or “as yet uncultivable” due to the lack of information on their biology, limited selection media, and culture conditions that could support their growth. Identifying and knowing more about them have become an important objective in the microbiological research. The ecological, environmental, and functional implications of a microbial ecosystem can be deciphered by knowing its microbial composition and interactions. The areas of whole-cell and targeted gene metagenomics are playing a key role in accomplishing this objective. The present review discusses the 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene metagenomics approach, which has found major applications in identifying the composition of a given microbial ecosystem. Different systems, processes, and analysis tools are available to perform 16S rRNA metagenomics; however, there are few concerns that require more investigation to gain the maximum benefit of these techniques.
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