Analysis on the dynamic changes of landscape patterns of Longfeng wetland nature reserve in 1979–2008

Longfeng wetland reserve is one of China's largest urban wetland and plays a significant role in the sustainable development of the urban eco-environment in Daqing city. However, The landscape pattern of Longfeng wetland reserve has undergone a significant change as a result of accelerated urbanization. Remote sensing data (1979, 1989, 2001 and 2008) and GIS were utilized as basic information resource and ancillary tool for the analysis. Dynamic change of landscape structure at the wetland reserve of Longfeng was analyzed by using indices such as TN.P(total patch area), NP(number of patches), PL.A.N.D(percentage of landscape), PD(patch density), LS.I(landscape shape index), SH.D.I(Shannon's diversity index), DI(patch richness), PA.F.D(perimeter-area fractal Dimension) and etc. As the result that swamp as the landscape matrix controlled the matter and energy flowing. The result of landscape analysis indicates that the area of swamp decreased, but the patch number increased rapidly in recent 30 years. The area was fragmented due to the decreasing of the landscape dominance. SH.D.I increased implies the landscape type is becoming more diverse in the area from 1979 to 2008. Although the rate of wetland diminishing was kept by the related protection laws, the wetland decreasing in area is still remained vulnerable. Therefore, the plan for protecting the reserve should be further strengthened and sustainable utilization will be the final goal.