Proteomics in Medicine

Proteomics is the identification of proteins in a tissue or cell, and the determination of their function, structure and modifications [1,2]. The term proteome was coined by Marc Wilkins to describe all the proteins expressed by a genome [1]. It is considered to be the next step in modern biology. Proteomics is dynamic compared to genomics because it changes constantly to reflect the cell’s environment. The main objectives in the field of proteomics are: (i) Identify all proteins; (ii) Analyse differential protein expression in different samples; (iii) Characterise proteins by identifying and studying their function and cellular localisation; and (iv) Understand protein interaction networks.