{"title":"草甘膦和代森锰锌对埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉州北昭和蚕豆根瘤菌及其固氮作用的影响","authors":"Birhan Aynalem, F. Assefa","doi":"10.1155/2017/5864598","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to assess the effect of glyphosate and mancozeb on growth of Vicia faba rhizobia isolates in vitro and on their N2-fixation performance. Hence, ten isolates were isolated using plant-soil trap method from soil samples collected from farm lands. Those isolates were morphologically characterized using YEMA medium and authenticated as nodulating rhizobia using sand culture. These isolates were treated with 100, 150, and 200 μg a.e. L−1 glyphosate, 100, 150, and 200 mg L−1 mancozeb, and their combinations. The result showed that almost all isolates were affected (only 4–10% survival) at lower (100 mg L−1) concentration of mancozeb. However, 80% of isolates treated with higher concentration (200 μg a.e. L−1) of glyphosate for 72 h formed colonies on YEMA medium. Moderate (40%) isolates also showed better (31–50% and 17–45%) survival within 100 : 100 and 150 : 150 combinations of glyphosate and mancozeb, respectively. For in vivo experiment, faba bean seedlings in sand culture were inoculated with four relatively in vitro test resistant and one sensitive isolates. The inoculated isolates were treated with field recommended concentration of glyphosate, mancozeb, and combinations. Thus, experimental plants almost all showed normal (61–124 nodule plant−1) nodulation and N2-fixation (90–109%) performance as compared to the control.","PeriodicalId":7288,"journal":{"name":"Adv. Artif. Neural Syst.","volume":"29 1","pages":"5864598:1-5864598:7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2017-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"13","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of Glyphosate and Mancozeb on the Rhizobia Isolated from Nodules of Vicia faba L. and on Their N2-Fixation, North Showa, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia\",\"authors\":\"Birhan Aynalem, F. Assefa\",\"doi\":\"10.1155/2017/5864598\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"This study was designed to assess the effect of glyphosate and mancozeb on growth of Vicia faba rhizobia isolates in vitro and on their N2-fixation performance. Hence, ten isolates were isolated using plant-soil trap method from soil samples collected from farm lands. Those isolates were morphologically characterized using YEMA medium and authenticated as nodulating rhizobia using sand culture. These isolates were treated with 100, 150, and 200 μg a.e. L−1 glyphosate, 100, 150, and 200 mg L−1 mancozeb, and their combinations. The result showed that almost all isolates were affected (only 4–10% survival) at lower (100 mg L−1) concentration of mancozeb. However, 80% of isolates treated with higher concentration (200 μg a.e. L−1) of glyphosate for 72 h formed colonies on YEMA medium. Moderate (40%) isolates also showed better (31–50% and 17–45%) survival within 100 : 100 and 150 : 150 combinations of glyphosate and mancozeb, respectively. For in vivo experiment, faba bean seedlings in sand culture were inoculated with four relatively in vitro test resistant and one sensitive isolates. The inoculated isolates were treated with field recommended concentration of glyphosate, mancozeb, and combinations. Thus, experimental plants almost all showed normal (61–124 nodule plant−1) nodulation and N2-fixation (90–109%) performance as compared to the control.\",\"PeriodicalId\":7288,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Adv. Artif. Neural Syst.\",\"volume\":\"29 1\",\"pages\":\"5864598:1-5864598:7\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2017-06-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"13\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Adv. Artif. Neural Syst.\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5864598\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Adv. Artif. Neural Syst.","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5864598","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
摘要
本试验旨在研究草甘膦和代森锰锌对蚕豆根瘤菌体外生长和固氮性能的影响。采用植物-土壤陷阱法从农田土壤样品中分离出10株分离物。用叶马培养基对这些菌株进行形态鉴定,用沙培养鉴定为根瘤菌。这些分离株分别用100、150和200 μg a.e L - 1草甘膦、100、150和200 mg L - 1代森锰锌及其组合处理。结果表明,低浓度(100 mg L−1)的代森锰锌对几乎所有菌株都有影响(只有4-10%的存活率)。然而,高浓度(200 μg a.e L−1)草甘膦处理72 h, 80%的分离株在YEMA培养基上形成菌落。中度分离株(40%)在100:100和150:150的草甘膦和代森锰锌组合中也分别表现出更好的存活率(31-50%和17-45%)。在体内试验中,用4个相对体外试验抗性菌株和1个相对敏感菌株接种沙培蚕豆幼苗。接种的分离株用田间推荐浓度的草甘膦、代森锰锌和组合处理。因此,与对照相比,实验植株几乎都表现出正常的结瘤和固氮性能(90-109%)。
Effect of Glyphosate and Mancozeb on the Rhizobia Isolated from Nodules of Vicia faba L. and on Their N2-Fixation, North Showa, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
This study was designed to assess the effect of glyphosate and mancozeb on growth of Vicia faba rhizobia isolates in vitro and on their N2-fixation performance. Hence, ten isolates were isolated using plant-soil trap method from soil samples collected from farm lands. Those isolates were morphologically characterized using YEMA medium and authenticated as nodulating rhizobia using sand culture. These isolates were treated with 100, 150, and 200 μg a.e. L−1 glyphosate, 100, 150, and 200 mg L−1 mancozeb, and their combinations. The result showed that almost all isolates were affected (only 4–10% survival) at lower (100 mg L−1) concentration of mancozeb. However, 80% of isolates treated with higher concentration (200 μg a.e. L−1) of glyphosate for 72 h formed colonies on YEMA medium. Moderate (40%) isolates also showed better (31–50% and 17–45%) survival within 100 : 100 and 150 : 150 combinations of glyphosate and mancozeb, respectively. For in vivo experiment, faba bean seedlings in sand culture were inoculated with four relatively in vitro test resistant and one sensitive isolates. The inoculated isolates were treated with field recommended concentration of glyphosate, mancozeb, and combinations. Thus, experimental plants almost all showed normal (61–124 nodule plant−1) nodulation and N2-fixation (90–109%) performance as compared to the control.