Morphometric analysis and genetic diversity in Rindera (Boraginaceae-Cynoglosseae) using sequence related amplified polymorphism

The genus Rindera comprises about 20–25 species distributed in central eastern Europe to central Asia. Ninety-five individuals related to six Rindera were collected in 9 provinces. A total of 147 (Number of total loci) (NTL) DNA bands were produced through polymerase chain reaction amplifications (PCR) amplification of six Rindera species. These bands were produced with the combinations of 10 selective primers. The total number of amplified fragments ranged from 8 to 22. ). The predicted unbiased heterozygosity (H) varied between 0.15 (Rindera media) and 0.30 (Rindera regia). High Shannon’s information index was detected in Rindera regia. The genetic similarities between six species are estimated from 0.73 to 0.95. Clustering results showed two major clusters. According to the SRAP (Sequence-related amplified polymorphism) markers analysis, Rindera regia and Rindera media had the lowest similarity. This study also detected a significant signature of isolation by distance (Mantel test results). Present results showed that sequence-related amplified polymorphism have the potential to identify and decipher genetic affinity in Rindera species. Current results have implications in biodiversity and conservation programs.