messoakhskoye油田生产井减少气顶气窜泡沫先导装置设计的实验室研究

E. Saifullin, C. Yuan, M. V. Zvada, M. Varfolomeev, Shinar Kayratovna Shanbosinova, Dmitrii A. Zharkov, S. A. Nazarychev, Aleksei Olegovich Malakhov, R. N. Sagirov
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引用次数: 2

摘要

Messoyakhskoye油田由Gazprom Neft运营,由于其非均质性很强,目前正在经历从生产井的气顶产生气窜的问题。长期以来,泡沫一直被认为是气体堵塞的良好候选者(Svorstol I. et al., 1996), (Hanssen, j.e., & Dalland, M. 1994), (Aarra, m.g.等人,1996)。但是,注气井注气泡沫封堵与生产井不同,需要在不影响储层油相渗透率的前提下,对含气饱和的高渗透区域进行选择性的、长期的影响。本文提供了详细的实验室研究,展示了如何确定适合生产井气堵的泡沫体系。对于生产井的气堵,由于表面活性剂溶液/气体不能像注水井那样连续剪切,因此需要较长的半衰期来维持稳定的泡沫。因此,选用聚合物增强泡沫。采用体积试验对4种聚合物稳定剂和5种泡沫剂进行了评价,通过比较泡沫速率和半衰期来确定合适的泡沫体系,从而确定了泡沫能力、泡沫稳定性和油的影响。此外,在油藏条件下进行了过滤实验,通过评估表观粘度、突破压力梯度、阻力系数和残余阻力系数来确定最佳注入方式。聚合物能显著提高半衰期(增加泡沫稳定性),且聚合物浓度越高,半衰期越长。但同时,较高的聚合物浓度会增加溶液的初始粘度,这不仅降低了泡沫速率,而且增加了注射难度。因此,考虑到所有这些影响,确定了约0.15-0.2 wt%的最佳聚合物浓度。过滤实验表明,随着泡沫质量(气液比)的增加,岩心表观粘度先增大后减小。最佳的注入方式是表面活性剂/聚合物溶液与气体共注入,原位生成泡沫,最佳泡沫质量约为0.65。不同渗透率岩心的过滤实验表明,聚合物增强泡沫在高渗透岩心中的阻气能力较好,有利于封堵高渗透层。需要注意的是,在一定的油泡沫比下(约低于1比1),随着油体积的增加,泡沫速率缓慢降低,但半衰期明显延长,有利于生产井的泡沫处理。这项工作强调了在生产井和注水井中注泡沫堵气的区别,并强调了聚合物增强泡沫的使用。此外,本文还提出了系统的实验方法,在考虑不同因素的情况下选择适合生产井气堵的泡沫体系,为设计中试应用提供了使用哪种发泡剂和聚合物稳定剂以及如何对其进行评估的指导。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Laboratory Studies For Design of a Foam Pilot For Reducing Gas Channeling From Gas Cap in Production Well in Messoyakhskoye Field
Messoyakhskoye field, operated by Gazprom Neft, is currently experiencing gas channeling from gas cap in production wells because of strong heterogeneity. Foam for a long has been considered as a good candidate for gas blocking, (Svorstol I. et al., 1996), (Hanssen, J. E., & Dalland, M. 1994), (Aarra, M. G. et al., 1996). However, foam injection for gas blocking in injection well is different from that in production well, where it is necessary to selectively and long-term impact on gas-saturated highly permeable areas without affecting the phase permeability of oil in the reservoir. This paper provides detailed laboratory studies that show how to determine suitable foam systems for gas blocking in production well. For gas blocking in production well, a long half-life time is required to sustain stable foam because a continuous shear of surfactant solution/gas can't be achieved like in injection well. Therefore, reinforced foam by polymer is chosen. Four polymer stabilizers and five foam agents were evaluated using bulk test to determine foaming ability, foam stability, and effect of oil by comparing foam rate and half-life time to determine the suitable foam system. Furthermore, filtration experiments were conducted at reservoir conditions to determine the optimal injection mode by evaluating apparent viscosity, breakthrough pressure gradient, resistance factor, and residual resistance factor. Polymer can significantly improve half-life time (increase foam stability), and the higher the polymer concentration, the longer the half-life time. But simultaneously, a high polymer concentration will increase the initial viscosity of solution, which not only decreases the foam rate, but also increases difficulties in injection. Therefore, an optimal polymer concentration of about 0.15-0.2 wt% is determined considering all these influences. Filtration experiments showed that the apparent viscosity in core first increased and then deceased with foam quality (the ratio of gas volume to foam volume (gas + liquid). The optimal injection mode is co-injection of surfactant/polymer solution and gas to in-situ generate foam at the optimal foam quality of about 0.65. Filtration experiments on the different permeability cores showed that gas-blocking ability of polymer reinforced foam is better in high-permeability cores, which is beneficial for blocking high permeability zone. It should be also noted that under a certain ratio of oil to foam solution (about lower than 1 to 1), the presence of oil slowly decreased foam rate with increasing oil volume, but significantly increased half -life time, which is favorable for foam treatment in production well. This work highlights the difference between foam injection for gas blocking in production well and injection well, and emphasizes the use of polymer reinforced foam. Moreover, this work shows systematic experimental methods for choosing suitable foam systems for gas blocking in production well considering different factors, which provides a guide regarding what kinds of foaming agents and polymer stabilizers should be used and how to evaluate them for designing a pilot application.
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