Effects of probiotics on the improvement and regulation of intestinal barrier dysfunction and immune imbalance in intra‑abdominal infections (Review)

. Intra‑abdominal infections (IAIs) are one of the most common critical diseases in clinical practice, with high morbidity and mortality rates. A variety of abdominal diseases can lead to abdominal infection, such as acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, various causes of gastrointestinal perfora‑ tion, post‑operative complications and trauma. It has been demonstrated that probiotics are of utmost significance in improving the treatment and prognosis of patients with IAIs. Probiotics play a beneficial role in the host's metabolism, immunity and nervous system by interacting with the host microorganisms, preventing the colonization of pathogens, improving intestinal barrier function, regulating immune function and producing related metabolites. The aim of the present review article was to discuss and summarize the regu‑ latory effect of probiotics on intestinal barrier dysfunction and immunological imbalance in IAIs, in order to provide a foun‑ dation for the development of novel therapeutic approaches and disease prevention measures.