A Game Changer for Injection Wells Outflow Control Devices to Efficiently Control the Injection Fluid Conformance

A new autonomous outflow control device is developed to choke back the injection fluid into natural/induced fractures and mitigate the disproportional injection of fluid into the thief zone and potentially creating short-circuit to the nearby producer wells. This paper will present an overview of the flow loop performance testing, and demonstrates the design consideration and integration with completion design and its benefit by reservoir modelling. The bi-stable devices should be installed in several compartments in the wells and operate as normal outflow control valves initially. When the injected flowrate flowing through a bi-stable valve exceeds a designed threshold, the bi-stable valve will autonomously move to another position to choke back the injection of fluid at that specific compartment. This allows the denied fluid to be distributed among the valves installed at neighbouring compartments. This performance enables the operator to minimise the impacts of natural fractures on the injected fluid conformance and to control the growth of thermal fractures while improving the efficiency of the injection well systems. The flow performance of the bi-stable valve has been validated and the flow behaviour can be simulated in the reservoir model. Static flow modelling has been used to establish the valve setting and packer placement in the well section and to demonstrate an improved distribution of the water injection and the effect of restricting water to the thief zone on the nearby producer oil recovery. A reservoir modelling method has been established to evaluate the bi-stable device performance in reservoir environments and compared with outflow control devices (OCDs) and open hole completions. Due to the uncertainty of heterogeneous reservoirs and the potential for dynamic changes of injection properties, the simulation study showed that with a lower pressure drop compared to OCDs, the fluid front can be managed more efficiently to achieve the desired sweep and maximised ultimate recovery. The first autonomous injection valve that restricts water into dilated/propagated fractures is developed. This device removes most of the deficiencies of OCDs and eliminates the requirements of running PLT and the prescribed well interventions e.g. closing/opening of sliding sleeves. Instead, it provides operators with a tool that enables the optimised completion to deliver optimum water injection techniques autonomously.