Numerical Analysis for Different Masks of Car Design of High-Speed Train

Indonesia is developing a high-speed train (HST) prototype planned for a maximum speed of 250 km/h. In high operating speed, an aerodynamics drag contributes significantly to the total resistance. Thus, reducing the aerodynamic drag becomes a primary concern. One of the significant aspects that need to be solved is to design the optimum shape of the frontal nose of the train called the Mask of Car (MoC). This research aims to study the drag coefficient from the various shape of the HST Mask of Car design by numerical method and to develop the optimum design strategy. The curvature parameters of the complex 3D model, such as nose-length, upper curvature, and side-curvature used as an optimization method The base model was constructed in 2D parameters and then developed into different shapes using 3D CAD software. A set of models was then analyzed using computational fluid dynamics with the coefficient of drag and flow characteristic. Based on the iterative simulation, it is discovered that the longer nose and sharper side of the MoC will reduce the aerodynamic drag. In conclusion, the length and the slenderness of the nose shape are significant factors in designing the mask of car of high-speed train.