PD-L1ATTAC mice reveal the potential of depleting PD-L1 expressing cells in cancer therapy

Antibodies targeting the PD-1 receptor and its ligand PD-L1 have shown impressive responses in some tumors of bad prognosis. We hypothesized that the selective elimination of PD-L1 expressing cells could similarly have antitumoral effects. To address this question, we developed an inducible suicidal knock-in mouse allele of Pd-l1 (PD-L1ATTAC) which allows for the tracking and specific elimination of PD-L1-expressing cells in adult tissues. Elimination of PD-L1 expressing cells from the mouse peritoneum increased the septic response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), due to an exacerbated inflammatory response to the endotoxin. In addition, mice depleted of PD-L1+ cells were resistant to colon cancer peritoneal allografts, which was associated with a loss of immunosuppresive B cells and macrophages, concomitant with an increase in activated cytotoxic CD8 T cells. Collectively, these results illustrate the usefulness of PD-L1ATTAC mice and provide genetic support to the concept of targeting PD-L1 expressing cells in cancer therapy.