坦桑尼亚莫罗戈罗蔬菜生产中劣质灌溉水对健康的危害

Winfrida Mayilla, F. Magayane, B. Keraita, H. Ngowi
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引用次数: 5

摘要

本研究评估了坦桑尼亚莫罗戈罗的菜农、贸易商、消费者和主要线人对在灌溉蔬菜生产中使用劣质水的健康危害的看法。收集数据的方法是对昌加拉维村和丰加丰加地区所有使用劣质水灌溉蔬菜生产的农民(n=60)、劣质水灌溉蔬菜的消费者(n=70)和销售劣质水灌溉蔬菜的蔬菜贸易商(n=60)进行调查、焦点小组讨论(n=7)和关键信息提供人访谈(n=25)。本研究采用横断面研究设计。采用描述性统计方法计算平均值、频率和百分比,Mann-Whitney u检验和Kruskal-Wallis h检验评估社会人口统计学变量与受访者在蔬菜生产中使用劣质水的健康危害感知量表得分之间的关系。结果表明,使用劣质灌溉水对健康的危害包括皮肤瘙痒、真菌病、血吸虫病和寄生虫病。农民、消费者和蔬菜贸易商群体对健康危害的认知存在差异(p<0.001)。各群体的平均排名表明,与消费者(平均排名为72.68)和蔬菜贸易商(平均排名为69.64)相比,农民认为使用劣质水对健康的危害较小(平均排名为147.98)。与Changarawe村的农民相比,Fungafunga村的农民认为存在更多的健康危害(p<0.001),而女性农民认为使用劣质水的危害比男性农民小(p< 0.05)。受过正规教育的消费者比没有受过正规教育的消费者认为健康危害更大(p<0.001),而来自Fungafunga地区的蔬菜贸易商比来自Changarawe村的蔬菜贸易商认为销售劣质水灌溉蔬菜对健康危害更大(p<0.001)。这些发现表明,有必要针对特定目标群体设计最小化健康危害的干预措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Perceived Health Hazards of Low-Quality Irrigation Water in Vegetable Production in Morogoro, Tanzania
This study assessed the perceptions of vegetable farmers, traders, consumers and key informants on the health hazards of using low-quality water in irrigation vegetable production in Morogoro, Tanzania. Methods used to collect data were a survey involving all farmers in Changarawe village and Fungafunga area using low-quality water for irrigation vegetable production (n=60), consumers of low-quality water irrigated vegetables (n=70) and vegetable traders selling low-quality water irrigated vegetables (n=60), focus group discussions (n=7) and key informant interviews (n=25). The study employed cross sectional research design. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate mean, frequencies and percentages while Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal-Wallis H-test assessed the association between social-demographic variables and respondents score on the health hazard perception scale of using low-quality water in vegetable production. Results showed skin itching, fungal diseases, bilharzias and worm infestation as among the perceived health hazards in using low-quality irrigation water. Health hazard perception differed among groups of farmers, consumers and vegetable traders (p<0.001). The mean ranks of the groups indicated that farmers perceive less health hazards in using low-quality water (mean rank = 147.98) compared to consumers (mean rank = 72.68) and vegetable traders (mean rank 69.64). More health hazards were perceived by Fungafunga farmers compared to farmers from the Changarawe village (p<0.001) while female farmers perceived less hazards in using low-quality water than male farmers (p < 0.05). Consumers with formal education perceived more health hazards than consumers with no formal education (p < 0.001) while vegetable traders from Fungafunga area perceived more health hazards in selling low-quality water irrigated vegetable than vegetable traders from the Changarawe village (p<0.001). These findings demonstrate the need to design health hazards minimization interventions for specific target group.
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