2015年伊朗加兹温省甲型H1N1流感前期流行病学特征及临床表现对应对疫情的指导意义

B. Bijani, R. Q. Barqi, A. Pahlevan, M. Sarokhani, Shiva Leghaie, Ebrahim Amini
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引用次数: 3

摘要

背景:2009年,与新型甲型流感病毒(H1N1)相关的大流行影响了全球许多国家。经过5年的沉寂,2015年,我们又遭遇了一次甲型H1N1流感的爆发。目的:本研究旨在研究2009年伊朗加兹温省寒冷干燥气候下最后一次疫情的流行病学和临床特征。患者和方法:这是一项横断面研究,调查了加兹温省甲型流感病毒(H1N1)确诊病例的人口学特征和临床表现。采用实时聚合酶链反应(PCR)对成人口咽冲洗标本和儿童及重症患者咽拭子进行确诊。结果:2009年7月至12月,加兹温省共发现甲型H1N1流感确诊病例76例。患者平均年龄25.67±16.9岁。受影响最大的人群是学生和家庭主妇。咳嗽是最常见的临床症状(96.1%),其次是发热(92.1%)、肌痛(48.5%)、腹泻和呕吐(34.2%)。在实验室确诊的患者中,62人住院,2例死亡。就加兹温省总人口(110万)而言,住院率为每10万人5.42人,死亡率为每10万人0.175人(占住院病例的3.2%)。结论:考虑到低龄人群患病率较高,高危人群(包括超重患者和孕妇)患病率较高,作者建议特别关注感冒症状患者的腹泻呕吐、咳嗽、肌痛和发热等临床症状。此外,对于重病患者,分配足够的重症监护病房应该是最重要的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Study of the Epidemiological Features and Clinical Manifestations of the Preceding Epidemic of Influenza A (H1N1) as a Guide for Dealing With the 2015 Outbreak in the Qazvin Province, Iran
Background: In 2009, a pandemic associated with a new type of influenza A virus (H1N1) affected many countries worldwide. After five years of silence, in 2015 we encountered another outbreak of H1N1 influenza A. Objectives: The present study aimed to study the epidemiological and clinical features of this disease in the cold and dry climate of Qazvin province, Iran in the last epidemic, during 2009. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which the demographic characteristics and clinical manifestations of confirmed cases of influenza A virus (H1N1) in the province of Qazvin were investigated. The definite diagnosis of cases was performed using real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) on oropharyngeal washing specimens from adults and throat swabs from children and severely ill patients. Results: During the time course between July to December 2009, 76 confirmed cases of influenza A (H1N1) were discovered in the province of Qazvin. The mean age of patients was 25.67 ± 16.9 years. The most affected people were students and housewives. Coughing was found to be the most common clinical symptom (96.1%) followed by fever (92.1%), myalgia (48.5%), and diarrhea and vomiting (34.2%). In laboratory confirmed patients, 62 were hospitalized and two cases deceased. Regarding the total population of the Qazvin province (1,100,000), the rate of hospitalization was calculated at 5.42 per 100,000 individuals, with a mortality rate of 0.175 per 100,000 individuals (3.2% of hospitalized cases). Conclusions: Concerning the higher prevalence of disease in younger age groups, and more severe disease in high-risk groups, including overweight patients and pregnant women, the authors recommend special attention to clinical symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting, cough, myalgia and fever in patients with cold symptoms. Also, for severely ill patients, the allocation of adequate intensive care units should be of prime importance.
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