照顾本能的证据:利用脑磁图快速区分婴儿和成人的发声。

Cerebral Cortex (New York, NY) Pub Date : 2016-03-01 Epub Date: 2015-12-11 DOI:10.1093/cercor/bhv306
Katherine S Young, Christine E Parsons, Else-Marie Jegindoe Elmholdt, Mark W Woolrich, Tim J van Hartevelt, Angus B A Stevner, Alan Stein, Morten L Kringelbach
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引用次数: 0

摘要

哭泣是表达痛苦的最明显的声音信号。新生儿的哭声会引起成年听众的警觉,并常常引起照料行为。对于父母来说,对处于痛苦中的婴儿做出快速反应是一种适应性行为,其功能是确保后代的生存。快速反应的能力需要快速识别和评估刺激,然后是协调的运动反应。先前的神经影像学研究已经证明了早期的特殊活动对婴儿面孔的反应。通过脑磁图,我们发现婴儿和成人在听觉、情绪和运动脑皮质区域对哭声的早期(100-200毫秒)神经反应存在相似的差异。我们认为,这种早期的差异活动可能有助于快速识别婴儿的哭声,并参与情感和运动神经回路,以促进有意识意识之前的适应性行为反应。这些差异在非父母的成年人中也被观察到,这也许表明了一种普遍的基于大脑的“照顾本能”。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evidence for a Caregiving Instinct: Rapid Differentiation of Infant from Adult Vocalizations Using Magnetoencephalography.

Crying is the most salient vocal signal of distress. The cries of a newborn infant alert adult listeners and often elicit caregiving behavior. For the parent, rapid responding to an infant in distress is an adaptive behavior, functioning to ensure offspring survival. The ability to react rapidly requires quick recognition and evaluation of stimuli followed by a co-ordinated motor response. Previous neuroimaging research has demonstrated early specialized activity in response to infant faces. Using magnetoencephalography, we found similarly early (100-200 ms) differences in neural responses to infant and adult cry vocalizations in auditory, emotional, and motor cortical brain regions. We propose that this early differential activity may help to rapidly identify infant cries and engage affective and motor neural circuitry to promote adaptive behavioral responding, before conscious awareness. These differences were observed in adults who were not parents, perhaps indicative of a universal brain-based "caregiving instinct."

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