埃塞俄比亚中北部高地Wadla Delanta地块土地利用、土壤深度和地形对土壤理化性质的影响

Nahusenay Abate, K. Kibret
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引用次数: 19

摘要

在埃塞俄比亚中北部的Wadla Delanta地块,研究了土地利用、深度和地形对土壤理化性质的影响。研究考虑了3个重复的4种土地利用方式(天然林、灌丛、放牧和耕地)、3种土壤深度(0-20、20-40、40-60 cm)和3种地形位置(上、中、下)。共采集108份复合样品进行实验室分析。结果表明:土壤粒径分布受土地利用方式和土壤深度的主要影响;土壤体积和颗粒密度、总孔隙度、有机质和全氮含量、C:N比和速效磷仅受土壤深度的交互作用显著影响,土壤pH、电导率、交换碱、阳离子交换容量、碱饱和度百分比和可提取微量元素受3个因素的交互作用影响。耕地土壤的黏度和容重在底层最高,而孔隙度、有机质、氮含量和有效磷在表层最高。3个地形位置的土壤pH值均以耕地底层最高。4种土地利用方式下,下层土壤交换碱和阳离子交换容量最高,上层林地土壤表层可提取微量元素含量最高。总体而言,森林土壤的大部分性质测量结果优于其他土地利用土壤,地形位置较低的土壤性质测量结果优于地形位置较高和中部的土壤性质测量结果。土地利用与地形的交互作用对所有地形位置的耕地和放牧土壤均有负面影响。因此,需要在所有地形位置进行综合土壤肥力管理和土壤保持措施,以保持土壤的理化性质。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effects of Land Use, Soil Depth and Topography on Soil Physicochemical Properties along the Toposequence at the Wadla Delanta Massif, Northcentral Highlands of Ethiopia
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of land use, depth and topography on soil physicochemical properties at the Wadla Delanta Massif, northcentral Ethiopia. Four land uses (natural forest, shrub, grazing and cultivated land), three soil depths (0-20, 20-40, 40-60 cm) and three topographic positions (upper, middle and lower) in three replications were considered for this study. A total of 108 composite samples were collected for laboratory analysis. The results show that particle size distribution was affected by the main effects of land use and soil depth; bulk and particle densities, total porosity, organic matter and total nitrogen contents, C:N ratio and available phosphorus were significantly affected by the interaction of land use by soil depth only, whereas, soil pH, electrical conductivity, exchangeable bases, cation exchange capacity, percent base saturation and extractable micronutrients were affected by the interaction effects of the three factors. Highest clay and bulk density were recorded at the bottom layer of the cultivated land soils, while the utmost porosity, organic matter and nitrogen contents, and available phosphorus were recorded at the surface layers of the natural forest land soils. Highest pH was at the bottom layer of the cultivated land at the three topographic positions. Highest exchangeable bases and cation exchange capacity were observed in the bottom layers of soils under the four land use types at the lower topographic position, whilst extractable micronutrients were recorded at the surface layers of the forest land soils at the upper topographic position. In general, most of the measured soil properties were measured better in forest than in other land use soils and the lower topographic positions than the upper and middle ones. Interaction of land use with topography showed negative effects especially on cultivated and grazing land soils in all topographic positions. Therefore, integrated soil fertility management and soil conservation measures are required in all topographic positions to maintain soil physicochemical properties.
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