健康相关行为的城乡县分类-美国,2013

IF 37.3 1区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Kevin A. Matthews, J. Croft, Yong Liu, Hua Lu, D. Kanny, A. Wheaton, T. Cunningham, L. Khan, R. Caraballo, J. Holt, P. Eke, W. Giles
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BRFSS collects data on health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services related to the leading causes of death and disability. BRFSS data were analyzed for 398,208 adults aged ≥18 years to estimate the prevalence of five self-reported health-related behaviors (sufficient sleep, current nonsmoking, nondrinking or moderate drinking, maintaining normal body weight, and meeting aerobic leisure time physical activity recommendations) by urban-rural status. For this report, rural is defined as the noncore counties described in the 2013 National Center for Health Statistics Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties. Results Approximately one third of U.S. adults practice at least four of these five behaviors. 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引用次数: 239

摘要

问题/状况生活在农村地区的人被认为是健康差距人口,因为他们的疾病流行率和过早死亡率高于美国总人口。有关健康行为的监测数据很少按城乡状况报告,这使得难以对居住在大都市县和非大都市县的人进行比较。2013年报告期。行为风险因素监测系统(BRFSS)是一项正在进行的、基于州的、随机数字拨号的固定电话和移动电话调查,调查对象是居住在美国的年龄≥18岁的非机构成年人。BRFSS收集与死亡和残疾的主要原因有关的健康风险行为、慢性疾病和病症、获得保健和使用预防性保健服务的数据。对398,208名年龄≥18岁的成年人的BRFSS数据进行分析,以估计五种自我报告的健康相关行为(充足睡眠、目前不吸烟、不饮酒或适度饮酒、维持正常体重和满足有氧休闲时间体力活动建议)在城乡状况中的流行程度。在本报告中,农村被定义为2013年国家卫生统计中心城乡分类方案中描述的非核心县。结果:大约三分之一的美国成年人至少有这五种行为中的四种。与四种类型的都市县(大中心都市、大边缘都市、中等都市和小都市)的成年人相比,两种类型的非都市县(小都市和非核心)的成年人在充足睡眠的患病率上没有差异;不饮酒或适度饮酒的患病率较高;目前不吸烟、保持正常体重、满足休闲时间有氧运动建议的人群患病率较低。报告五种健康相关行为中至少四种的总体年龄调整患病率为30.4%。居住在非核心县的1330万成年人的患病率(27.0%)低于小都市县(28.8%)、小都市县(29.5%)、中等都市县(30.5%)、大边缘都市县(30.2%)和大都市中心县(31.7%)。这是首次报道城乡六类人群中这五种健康相关行为的流行情况。非大都市县的三种和至少四种与主要慢性疾病死亡原因相关的健康相关行为的发病率较低。睡眠充足的患病率一直很低,城乡状况没有差异。慢性病预防工作的重点是改善人们生活、学习、工作和娱乐的社区、学校、工地和卫生系统。改善美国人群健康相关行为的循证策略可用于实现以下五种自我报告的健康相关行为(充足睡眠、当前不吸烟、不饮酒或适度饮酒、保持正常体重和满足有氧休闲时间体力活动建议)的健康人2020目标。这些发现表明,需要不断提高公众意识和公众教育,特别是在这些与健康有关的行为流行率最低的农村县。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Health-Related Behaviors by Urban-Rural County Classification — United States, 2013
Problem/Condition Persons living in rural areas are recognized as a health disparity population because the prevalence of disease and rate of premature death are higher than for the overall population of the United States. Surveillance data about health-related behaviors are rarely reported by urban-rural status, which makes comparisons difficult among persons living in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan counties. Reporting Period 2013. Description of System The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit-dialed landline- and cellular-telephone survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged ≥18 years residing in the United States. BRFSS collects data on health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services related to the leading causes of death and disability. BRFSS data were analyzed for 398,208 adults aged ≥18 years to estimate the prevalence of five self-reported health-related behaviors (sufficient sleep, current nonsmoking, nondrinking or moderate drinking, maintaining normal body weight, and meeting aerobic leisure time physical activity recommendations) by urban-rural status. For this report, rural is defined as the noncore counties described in the 2013 National Center for Health Statistics Urban-Rural Classification Scheme for Counties. Results Approximately one third of U.S. adults practice at least four of these five behaviors. Compared with adults living in the four types of metropolitan counties (large central metropolitan, large fringe metropolitan, medium metropolitan, and small metropolitan), adults living in the two types of nonmetropolitan counties (micropolitan and noncore) did not differ in the prevalence of sufficient sleep; had higher prevalence of nondrinking or moderate drinking; and had lower prevalence of current nonsmoking, maintaining normal body weight, and meeting aerobic leisure time physical activity recommendations. The overall age-adjusted prevalence of reporting at least four of the five health-related behaviors was 30.4%. The prevalence among the estimated 13.3 million adults living in noncore counties was lower (27.0%) than among those in micropolitan counties (28.8%), small metropolitan counties (29.5%), medium metropolitan counties (30.5%), large fringe metropolitan counties (30.2%), and large metropolitan centers (31.7%). Interpretation This is the first report of the prevalence of these five health-related behaviors for the six urban-rural categories. Nonmetropolitan counties have lower prevalence of three and clustering of at least four health-related behaviors that are associated with the leading chronic disease causes of death. Prevalence of sufficient sleep was consistently low and did not differ by urban-rural status. Public Health Action Chronic disease prevention efforts focus on improving the communities, schools, worksites, and health systems in which persons live, learn, work, and play. Evidence-based strategies to improve health-related behaviors in the population of the United States can be used to reach the Healthy People 2020 objectives for these five self-reported health-related behaviors (sufficient sleep, current nonsmoking, nondrinking or moderate drinking, maintaining normal body weight, and meeting aerobic leisure time physical activity recommendations). These findings suggest an ongoing need to increase public awareness and public education, particularly in rural counties where prevalence of these health-related behaviors is lowest.
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来源期刊
Mmwr Surveillance Summaries
Mmwr Surveillance Summaries PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
60.50
自引率
1.20%
发文量
9
期刊介绍: The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Series, produced by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), is commonly referred to as "the voice of CDC." Serving as the primary outlet for timely, reliable, authoritative, accurate, objective, and practical public health information and recommendations, the MMWR is a crucial publication. Its readership primarily includes physicians, nurses, public health practitioners, epidemiologists, scientists, researchers, educators, and laboratorians.
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