索马里下谢贝利地区牛螺旋体病流行及相关危险因素

A. M. Osman
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摘要

背景:蜱传疾病(tbd)在牲畜中造成重大损失,影响包括索马里在内的世界各地畜牧业社区的生计。巴贝斯虫及其勒氏菌感染是索马里的地方病,但缺乏关于其流行情况的充分信息。目的:利用显微镜对索马里下谢贝利地区3个地区的牛体浆虫病流行情况进行调查,并对调查中发现的牛体内蜱虫种类进行鉴定。方法:对2020年1 - 2月采集的127头牛血液进行了巴贝斯虫和伊氏杆菌的显微镜检测。在70%乙醇中采集有效蜱虫。结果:梨形体病总体患病率为123/127 (96.9%,95% CI: 92.1 ~ 99.1%)。127份样本中约有45份(35.4% 95% CI: 27.1 ~ 44.1%)阳性,127份样本中有78份(61.4% 95% CI: 52.4 ~ 69.9%)混合感染。发现年龄、身体状况、性别、淋巴结肿大和蜱虫存在等危险因素与巴贝斯虫病和希氏菌病的关系不显著。在两种感染中,感染动物的PCV平均值均低于未感染动物。在调查的牛中鉴定出蜱属2属(鼻头蜱属和无足蜱属)6种,分别为:白头蜱(64.7%)、小胸蜱(2%)、脱色蜱(2%)、大胸蜱(3.9%)、吉玛蜱(15.7%)和鳞片蜱(11.8%)。结论:研究区梨形体病流行率较高,合并感染较单一感染多见。建议在该国其他领域进行进一步研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Prevalence of Cattle Piroplasmosis and Some Associated Risk Factors in Lower Shabelle Region, Somalia
Background: Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) cause significant losses among livestock and impact the livelihoods of livestock communities worldwide including Somalia. Infections with Babesia and Theileria species are endemic in Somalia yet there is a lack of adequate information on their prevalence. Objective: The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of Cattle Piroplasmosis in three districts of Lower Shabelle Region, Somalia using microscope and to identify the available tick species found in the sampled cattle during the study. Methods: A total of 127 Cattle blood were examined for Piroplasms (Babesia and Theileria) using Microscope during January to February 2020. The available ticks were collected in 70% Ethanol. Results: The overall prevalence of Piroplasmosis was 123/127 (96.9% 95% CI: 92.1-99.1%). About 45 out of 127 (35.4% 95% CI: 27.1-44.1%) samples were positive for either Theileria or Babesia, while 78 out 127 (61.4% 95% CI: 52.4-69.9%) samples were mixed infected with both them. Risk factors like age, body condition, sex, lymphnode enlargement and presence of ticks were found to be insignificantly associated with Babesiosis and Theileriosis. For both infections the mean PCV of infected animals was insignificantly lower than non-infected animals. Six tick species belonging to two genera (Rhipicephalus and Amblyomma) were identified in the investigated cattle, including, R. pulchellus (64.7%), R. (Boophilus) microplus, (2%) R. (Boophilus) decoloratus (2%), R.evertsi, (3.9%) A. gemma (15.7%) and A. lepidum (11.8%). Conclusion: This study revealed a very high prevalence of Piroplasmosis in the study area and co-infections were more common than single infections. Further studies in other areas in the country are recommended.
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